Muhammad Ali Tabba, CEO of Lucky Cement and chairman of National Resources Limited ( NRL), revealed what he claimed are the Chagai district of Balochistan’s substantial gold and copper reserves at the Pakistan Minerals Investment Forum 2025.
The discovery, which was made in the presence of Pakistan’s Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif and Army Chief General Muhammad Asim Munir, could pave the way for Pakistan’s lagging mining sector, at a time when global gold prices are at record peaks of over US$ 3,400 per gram.
NRL, a utterly Pakistani-owned company that operates under the banners of Fatima Fertilizer, Liberty Mills, and Happy Cement, obtained an inquiry force in Chagai in October 2023. Within the span of 18 months, it claims to have found 16 mineral-rich locations spread out over a 500-square-kilometer area, with cutting at the Tang Kor, Chagai site apparently proving the presence of significant deposits.
The largest state in Pakistan by area, Balochistan, is a geographical treasure. The Tethyan Magmatic Arc, a mineral-rich region that stretches from Europe to Southeast Asia and is renowned for its abundance of copper and gold, surrounds the Chagai place.
The nearby Reko Diq mine, which is estimated to have 5.9 billion tonnes of ore, grades 0.42 grams per kilogram of gold and 0.41 % brass, making it one of the largest untapped resources in the world.
First cutting on the NRL Tang Kor website revealed copper concentrations ranging from 0.23 to 0.44 percent, along with traces of gold and silver, to round out this. Three and a half of the three million diamonds drill holes apparently struck mineralized zones, underscoring the deposit’s enormous potential.
Making this finding a prospective lifeline, Pakistan is in a dire financial position with shrinking international currency reserves, mounting debt, and import dependence. The country’s$ 6 trillion in mineral wealth has been largely untapped.
Along with innovations like Reko Diq, where Barrick Gold plans to mine 200, 000 kilograms of brass and 250, 000 ounces of gold annually by 2028, NRL’s discovery had contribute billions to Pakistan’s business and Balochistan’s growth.
The discovery raises age-old questions about good revenue distribution and environmental impact in Balochistan, one of Pakistan’s least developed and generally restive regions.
Cultural Baloch insurgent groups generally target provincial resource and infrastructure investments, in part because they disproportionately favor local communities over Islamabad and its allies ‘ international interests, including Chinese companies.
The partnership between NRL and the Balochistan government and the Special Investment Facilitation Council ( SIFC), as well as a$ 100 million exploration budget for two new licenses, demonstrates a determined effort to make the most of this opportunity.
Balochistan’s abundance of resources contrasts striking with its poverty. The state still has the lowest fundamental human development indicators, accounting for 35 to 45 percent of Pakistan’s natural fuel and brimming with minerals. Around 85 % of the province’s residents lack access to clean water, 75 % have no electricity, and 63 % are impoverished.
However, if handled wisely and fairly, these newly discovered treasures could change Balochistan’s grave tale. The company’s stated goal is to fill these gaps, at least artistically, by promoting community engagement and local employment.
There is law to doubt business promises of trickle-down. For example, the Saindak plant, which has been operating since the 1970s, produces 15, 800 tonnes of brass, 1.5 tonnes of gold, and 2.8 tons of silver yearly, but the benefits are hardly ever felt by locals.
The upside is enormous. According to company estimates, Reko Diq could generate$ 70 billion in free cash flow and$ 90 billion in operating cash flow over the course of a decade. If NRL’s deposits be of this size, their extraction could boost GDP, lead to considerable well-paying jobs, and provide desperately needed infrastructure in Balochistan.
A local person like NRL may keep more money in-country, in contrast to earlier foreign-led initiatives. Its efforts to attract investors and its agreements with the Oil and Gas Development Company ( OGDC ) all point to a scalable strategy.
However, enthusiasm must be at a slack. Balochistan received only 2 % of Saindak’s earnings, despite controversy over revenue cuts and local carelessness in previous projects like Saindak and Reko Diq.
Fair policies, such as guaranteeing royalties, native work, and investments in health, education, and water, are essential for NRL’s victory. Although the Balochistan Development Plan and the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor ( CPEC ) Gwadar Port provide a blueprint, fair implementation will be important.
Of course, the financial gain comes with economic considerations. The climate in Baluchistan is as tough as it is delicate, with summers reaching 53°C and seasons reaching -20°C in higher elevations. In Balochistan, mine requires a lot of water and energy, both of which are limited resources.
Saindak has faced criticism for using effluent and residues to pollute water and deplete liquid. The possible processing and drilling by Tang Kor could make these issues worse, especially if NRL chooses to conduct downstream operations that may poison rivers, harm crops, and worsen health crises.
Mining produces 4 to 7 % of the world’s greenhouse gases, with metal production producing about 2.5 tonnes of CO2 per kilogram.
NRL’s production, on par with Reko Diq’s level, could add hundreds of thousands of kilos of emissions annually, straining a region already affected by climate change, such as desert and erratic rains. Mining-related debris could also be harmful to the environment and the general public.
Mine may contribute to Balochistan’s already shaky culture, which could worsen the situation. Severe weather has increased in the province; in 2022, floods destroyed crops and caused thousands of people to flee, and persistent droughts caused arable land to shrink. The drier ecosystem of Chaagai, which is home to sparse vegetation and endangered species like the Balochistan bear, is threatened by mining sprawl.
Water-intensive businesses run the risk of drying up springs and reservoirs, which are essential for nomadic landowners and small farmers. In a state with high tectonic activity, heavy machinery and blasting was destabilize the region’s rugged terrain, raising the risk of landslides.
NRL projects may crumble Balochistan’s delicate environmental balance without careful and thorough planning.
On the other hand, copper could potentially help the world decarbonization because it is so important for alternative technologies like wind farms and electric vehicles. Nearby command at NRL may impose stricter environmental laws than have been applied by foreign companies in the past.
Some advanced mine ‘ use of solar power or water reuse could reduce the damage. To achieve a balance between earnings and survival, the$ 100 million exploration fund could be used to fund conservation research. If NRL contributes perhaps a small amount to Balochistan’s Climate Resilience Fund, it was foster confidence and social cohesion among Chaghi’s indigenous populations.
A good and equitable outcome depends on learning from the past, but NRL’s Chagai consider has the potential to be a turning point for Pakistan and Balochistan. If significant profits remain nearby, the breakthrough may reduce trade dependence, boost foreign dollar reserves, and end Balochistan’s poverty.
The margins are highlighted by the 2025 Pakistan Minerals Investment Forum, which immediately had the attention of Chagai. The potential 15 % interest in Saudi Arabia in Reko Diq and Barrick’s$ 2 billion funding imply that Pakistan’s mineral wealth is ideal for successful removal.
In the end, NRL’s gold and copper reserves are more than just a geographical windfall; they are essential to Pakistan’s effort to achieve equitable and sustained economic progress.
The finding could signal a future where wealth and the environment, not just local leaders or outsiders, are at play in Balochistan. Pakistan and Balochistan must make sure that this promise doesn’t turn into yet another tale of wasted claim.