Is the Federal Reserve finished raising interest rates now that inflation has decreased and the US market has cooled? After all, the central bank’s goal when it started jacking up prices more than a year later was to gradually lower the direction of prices without crashing the economy.
According to data released on April 27, 2023, the gross domestic product— the most comprehensive indicator of an economy’s output — expanded at a rate of just 1.1 % annually in the first quarter, down from 2.6 % during the last three months of 2022. Additionally, the most recent customer premium data from March indicates that inflation is slowing to 5 % annually, which is the lowest level in about a year.
However, the Fed hasn’t most finished raising rates just yet, which is bad news for consumers and businesses who are tired of skyrocketing borrowing costs. When the Fed meets for a two-day meet that ends May 3, 2023, commercial businesses are forecasting another quarter-point increase. Additionally, there might be additional changes in the future.
But this does bring up another crucial question: Is the Fed getting close to creating the” soft landing” it’s been hoping for with all the recent, frequently contradictory data and narratives about inflation, bank failures, and layoffs in the tech sector?
The market oscillates between zigzags.
The GDP facts offers some hints to the solution despite being a mixed bag.
Ultimately, the most recent GDP figures point to a good economic slowdown in the future, which is largely attributable to an increase in inventories, meaning that rather than ordering new goods, businesses are relying more on items that are already in storage.
Companies appear to be more likely to sell what is already available than to purchase different goods, probably in anticipation of a decline in consumption. Additionally, business investment fell 12.5 % during the quarter.
Consumer spending, which makes up about two-thirds of GDP, increased at a healthy 3.7 % rate at the same time that investment in machinery like computers and robotics increased by 11.2 %. However, this category is quite volatile and could easily change in the coming quarters.
A decline, such as a decrease in new purchases for manufactured goods, is also indicated by some data. This, along with the decrease in stock in the GDP report, may imply that companies are bracing themselves for a decline in consumer demand for goods and services.
Job openings have been declining when we consider the labor market, despite the fact that job growth has been strong( 334, 000 over the past six months ). According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, holes decreased to about 9.9 million as of February 2022 from a peak of around 12 million.
Is the price of prices high or low?
We can also see opposing figures in terms of prices.
Since its peak in June 2022 at 9.1 %, the headline consumer price index has in fact been steadily declining. The Fed’s preferred solution of inflation, the primary preferred eating index, has nevertheless remained obstinately elevated.
The index, which excludes volatile food and energy prices, was up 4.6 % in March from a year earlier and has barely budged in months, according to the most recent data, released on April 28, 2023.
However, wages increased at an annual 5.1 % in the first quarter, also in line with data released on April 28. Income, when rising, can have a significant upward thrust on price. Even though it’s down from its 5.7 % peak in the second quarter of 2022, wage growth is still moving at the fastest rate in at least 20 years.
More excursions are coming.
What does all of this mean for the Fed’s interest rate policy, then?
The market chances strongly favor another 0.25 amount stage increase, making it the 10th straight increase since March 2022, when the next meeting is scheduled to start on May 3.
The central bank is probably not finished raising rates because the inflation rate is still well above the Fed’s target of about 2 %, along with continued job growth and a low unemployment rate. I concur with the competition conflict pricing for a quarter-point increase for the meeting in May. Future content will direct any rate increases that come after that.
The good news is that, in my opinion, the higher price changes have historically occurred.
landing gently, or at least slowly
That brings us full circle to the crucial query: How near is the Fed to implementing a soft landing in which the US business is able to control inflation without erupting?
Unfortunately, it’s also soon to tell. Political and international functions, such as potential impasse on debt ceiling deals or further escalation of the Ukraine combat, you turn things upside down. Work businesses can be very unstable. Having said that, a development or mild recession is what we are anticipating.
What makes them different? A growth recession indicates a poor economy, but not enough to cause unemployment to rise drastically. This is preferable to an even mild recession that results in multiple quarterly GDP declines and significantly higher unemployment.
Simply put, we are unsure of which is more plausible. However, I believe that a severe downturn has been avoided, barring any fatal and unexpected events.
Christopher Decker, Professor of Economics, University of Nebraska Omaha
Under a Creative Commons license, this article is republished from The Conversation. Read the original publication.