Afghanistan shows economic gains from investing in girls’ education – Asia Times

People had been prohibited from attending university since 1996 when the Taliban took control of Afghanistan in 2001. Utilizing information from the Labor Force and Household Studies conducted in Afghanistan in 2007, 2014, and 2020, I, along with World Bank training expert Raja Bentaouet Kattan and scholar Rafiuddin Najam from American University. We found it was tremendous.

In the midst of the Taliban’s fall, education options expanded at all rates. The infant mortality rate declined by half, and the gross national income per capita almost tripled ( in real terms in purchasing authority, from US$ 810 in 2001 to$ 2, 590 in 2020.

Ladies are at the center of the country’s economic growth during this time. The general average return on investment in schooling in Afghanistan is minimal, but it is still great for women. For example, for every additional year of schooling a woman received, her earnings increased 13 %. This is higher than the average return on investment in knowledge, which is 9 % worldwide.

Why it concerns

The Taliban re-established its hold on power in 2021 after 20 years since the first restrictions on children’s schooling.

The financial cost could exceed$ 1 billion, excluding the higher social charges posed by lower female education degrees. For context, Afghanistan’s entire gross domestic product was just$ 17 billion in 2023.

Our research demonstrates how disastrous the most recent learning ban could be for everyone in the country.

How we did our labor

Studies on the monetary gain to teaching, especially for women, is limited in Afghanistan. However, for proof is essential to comprehending the financial loss that a nation experiences when women are denied access to education and employment opportunities.

Our study sought to fill this gap by examining how income changed as a result of an extra month of education. We examined the changes that occurred between 2004, when the government made compulsory education available to both men and women starting in the fifth through eighth grades, and 2020.

Our findings indicate that excluding women from work and training is significantly more expensive than originally thought. According to our research, Afghanistan risks losing over$ 1.4 billion annually. This equates to a 2 % decrease in national income.

What’s following

Scientists have long held that investing in children’s education has a greater impact than just for each individual person. It offers generations-long economic and social benefits. Higher college enrollment costs are among these factors, as are improved health for her children.

In addition to the financial gains, additional research may be done to examine the social benefits of children’s schooling in Afghanistan between 2001 and 2021. Future studies may look at the impact of investment in women’s education on public schooling by examining whether it reverses generational poverty cycles, promotes public health, and reduces inequality, giving rise to a multiple effect that benefits full communities.

Every extra day that the education restrictions on women’s education is in effect, generations get worse, losses get worse, and millions of young people’s dreams get further out of reach.

The University of Arkansas ‘ seat in training plan is Harry Anthony Patrinos.

The Conversation has republished this post under a Creative Commons license. Read the original content.

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DoA to ease travel for passengers

new strategies to meet growing desire

Manaporn: Safety, transport boosted
Manaporn: Safety, travel boosted

After seeing an increase in passenger numbers of more than 14 % during the new year, the Transport Ministry has mandated that the Department of Airports ( DoA ) take more steps to support travelers.

According to Deputy Minister Manaporn Charoensri, the DoA reported on Tuesday that there were 319, 275 passengers traveling between December 27 and January 2, an increase of 14.12 % from the same period last year.

The DoA oversees 26 flights, which generally operate private planes to Krabi, Khon Kaen and Lampang flights. Airports of Thailand ( AoT ) manage six significant international gateways, including Suvarnabhumi, Don Mueang, and Phuket airports.

Ms. Manaporn described how smoothly the transportation of public transportation from the flights to the cities or tourist attractions was done. People were satisfied with the companies, including the” Residing Airports” project including improving service, having designated areas for selling local materials and integrating local traditions into the airport culture, she added.

The government so mandated that the DoA implement more measures to help travellers and ensure their safety.

Ms. Manaporn stated that the DoA will make it easier to install an explosives detection system ( EDS ), a machine that checks checked baggage for explosives, in all airports under the DoA.

She claimed that 22 airports have already used the program. The DoA may also utilize an automated check-in system to make checking-in faster. To increase demand, the department may increase the number of daily flights.

Danai Raungsorn, DoA director-general, said Krabi Airport handled the most passengers during the New Year with 72, 620, followed by Udon Thani Airport ( 41, 785 ), Khon Kaen Airport ( 33, 562 ), Ubon Ratchathani Airport ( 31, 048 ), and Surat Thani Airport ( 29, 779 ).

With 477 commercial flights, Nakhon Si Thammarat Airport recorded the most commercial flights, followed by Udon Thani Airport ( 268 ), Ubon Ratchathani and Khon Kaen airports ( 202 ), Surat Thani Airport ( 22 ), and Nakhon Si Thammarat Airport ( 188 ).

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Provincial airports to ease travel for passengers

new strategies to meet growing desire

Deputy Transport Minister Manaporn Charoensri says safety and transport are being approved at provincial airports.
Health and transportation are being approved at municipal airports, according to Deputy Transport Minister Manaporn Charoensri.

After the New Year’s Eve increase of more than 14 %, the Transport Ministry has mandated that the Department of Airports ( DoA ) take more steps to support travelers.

According to Deputy Minister Manaporn Charoensri, the DoA reported on Tuesday that there were 319, 275 passengers traveling between December 27 and January 2, an increase of 14.12 % over the same time last year.

The DoA oversees 26 flights, which generally operate private planes to Krabi, Khon Kaen and Lampang flights. Airports of Thailand ( AoT ) manage six of the world’s busiest airports, including Suvarnabhumi, Don Mueang, and Phuket.

Ms. Manaporn described the smooth operation of the public transportation system between the terminals and tourist destinations. People were satisfied with the companies, including the” Residing Airports” project including improving service, having designated areas for selling local materials and integrating local traditions into the airport culture, she added.

The government thus mandated that the DoA implement more measures to help travellers and ensure their safety.

Ms. Manaporn stated that the DoA will make it easier to install an explosives detection system ( EDS ), a machine that checks checked baggage for explosives, in all airports under the DoA.

She claimed that 22 flights have now rolled out the system. The DoA may also employ an involuntary check-in system to make checking-in faster. To help with higher desire, the department may increase the number of daily flights.

Danai Raungsorn, DoA director-general, said Krabi Airport handled the most passengers during the New Year with 72, 620, followed by Udon Thani Airport ( 41, 785 ), Khon Kaen Airport ( 33, 562 ), Ubon Ratchathani Airport ( 31, 048 ), and Surat Thani Airport ( 29, 779 ).

With 477 commercial flights, Nakhon Si Thammarat Airport recorded the most commercial flights, followed by Udon Thani Airport ( 268 ), Ubon Ratchathani and Khon Kaen airports ( 202 ), Surat Thani Airport ( 22 ), and Nakhon Si Thammarat Airport ( 188 ).

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Flyover shut for Orange Line build

Motorists on Tuesday queue to use Liab Thang Rotfai Taling Chan, going under the flyover crossing Charan Sanitwong Road in Bangkok Noi district which had been closed since 10pm on Monday due to the construction of the Orange Line electric railway system. Pattarapong Chattpattarasill
On Tuesday, vehicles line up to utilize Liab Thang Rotfai Taling Chan and travel under Charan Sanitwong Road, which has been closed since 10pm on Monday because the Orange Line electric rail system has been constructed. Pattarapong Chattpattarasill

The Orange Line electric rail system’s bridge has been made operational in order to make room for the development of Charan Sanitwong Road. It is advised for motorists to use other routes to avert traffic congestion.

The Orange Line ( Bang Khun Non-Thailand Cultural Center ), or Bang Khun Non-underground station, will be located beneath the intersection where Charan Sanitwong Road crosses Liap Thang Rotfai Taling Chan Road and Sutthawat Road, according to Mass Rapid Transit Authority ( MRTA ) Deputy Governor Kittikorn Tanpao.

The bridge was closed on Monday for at least two times at 10 p.m. Its restoration is scheduled to start in December 2026, with completion expected in June 2028. On Liap Thang Rotfai Taling Chan Road and Sutthawat Road, just one email and one outgoing driveway will be closed during the closing.

To relieve traffic disturbance, the MRTA has provided alternative routes. Travelers from Ratchapunk Road heading for Siriraj Hospital you use Borommaratchachonnani Road, follow Somdet Phra Pin Klao Road, and then move onto Arun Amarin Road to reach their place.

Otherwise, they can use Phran Nok–Phutthamonthon Sai 4 Road, Phran Nok Road and Wang Lang Road to get to Siriraj Hospital.

From Liap Thang Rotfai Taling Chan Road, those arriving at Siriraj Hospital you take the Chim Phli Road, Kaeo Ngoen Thong, and Soi Charan Sanitwong 35. From that, they may reach the hospital via Wang Lang Road.

According to him, the MRTA is committed to ensuring the safety of the people and minimizing the impact of customers and environmental factors.

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Opposition preps to grill coalition

Corruption, failures to be focus of debate


The opposition looks set to file a motion seeking a censure debate against the coalition government by February, while the debate is expected to come between late February and early March, said Pakornwut Udompipatskul, a People’s Party (PP) list MP and the head opposition whip.

“The debate should never be any later than the second week of March,” Mr Pakornwut said yesterday.

Among the main debate topics will be the government’s alleged failures in leading public administration, corruption, unfair acts in favour of certain conglomerates and distortion of the country’s judicial system for the benefit of an individual, he said.

These are problems the opposition has delved into and told the public about before, while there will also be some new problems that have not been revealed before, he said.

The PP is continuing to verify information about these issues to ensure the information about them, which the party currently already has in hand, is entirely correct, he said.

And if that is the case, he said, the PP believes these new issues could become a “final punch” and will convince some coalition parties to vote against the cabinet ministers allegedly involved in these issues. However, even if that does not happen and these cabinet ministers still win the no-confidence vote, at the very least, the public will be well informed about all these alleged mistakes and acts of misconduct and corruption in the coalition, he said.

“Almost all coalition parties will be grilled in the coming debate … And of course, the 14th-floor issue will be among the key debate topics,” he said, referring to the Pheu Thai Party-led coalition’s alleged interference in the Ministry of Justice’s handling of former prime minister Thaksin Shinawatra’s detention in the premium ward on the 14th floor of the Police General Hospital.

Meanwhile, Justice Minister Pol Col Tawee Sodsong said he would treat the planned censure debate as a good opportunity to tell his side of the story about the ministry’s alleged interference in correctional procedures.

Deputy Transport Minister Manaporn Charoensri also said she, Transport Minister Suriya Jungrungreangkit and the other deputy minister, Surapong Piyachote, are ready for the debate. She said all transport mega projects approved in the past two years under their care are accountable and in line with the government’s transport policies.

The prime targets in this censure debate will be Pheu Thai and Bhumjaithai, said Sirikanya Tansakun, a list MP and deputy PP leader.

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Jail only option for Yingluck

Yingluck Shinawatra
Yingluck Shinawatra

Former prime minister Yingluck Shinawatra will not be able to be detained outside of captivity if she comes back to the country because she has not yet met the new requirements for the soon-to-be-adopt alternative prison detention program, according to Justice Minister Tawee Sodsong on Tuesday.

Yingluck received a five-year prison sentence in August 2017, but only those who have served time in jail for more than four years may be eligible for the new confinement program, according to Pol Col Tawee, who refutes a past claim made by DoC director-general Sahakarn Phetnarin.

Yingluck, 57, was given a five-year prison sentence in absentia in 2017 after being found criminal by the Supreme Court’s Criminal Case Division for Holders of Political Positions for failing to stop fraud in her administration’s rice-pledging system, which cost the state about 500 billion ringgit in costs.

Since then, she has resided worldwide.

Nonetheless, the minister declined to comment when asked if Yingluck may be entitled should her sentence be voided as a result of a plea.

The minister cited the need for Thailand to adhere to international corrections guidelines as justification for pursuing the plan, noting that 50 of the country’s prisons are currently in really poor condition and that the majority of them are on average 90 years old.

Due to limited finances, just one innovative prison may be built each month, leaving the recent facilities overcrowded, he said.

” Many other countries have adopted similar programs”, he said.

According to a recent study conducted in Thailand, captives who have been permitted to remain detained outside of jail have a significantly lower level of incarceration than those who have received their whole sentences, he said.

The minister strongly refuted growing rumors that this incarceration solution was created specifically to help Yingluck’s returning to Thailand, saying that” the new choice wasn’t tailor-made for any particular person but for all who are eligible for it.”

There are some issues that need to be resolved before the new confinement program may be unveiled, according to the minister, even though it appears to have received the majority of public hearings.

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Jail only option for ex-Thai PM Yingluck

Yingluck Shinawatra
Yingluck Shinawatra

Justice Minister Tawee Sodsong stated on Tuesday that former prime minister Yingluck Shinawatra will not be able to be detained outside of captivity if she reapprehends as prime minister because she has not yet met the new requirements for the soon-to-be-adopt alternative prison detention program.

Although Yingluck received a five-year prison sentence in August 2017, only those who have served time in prison that are not more than four years old may be eligible for the new confinement program, according to Pol Col Tawee, who refutes a past claim made by DoC director-general Sahakarn Phetnarin.

Yingluck, 57, was given a five-year prison sentence in absentia in 2017 after being found criminal by the Supreme Court’s Criminal Case Division for Holders of Political Positions for failing to stop fraud in her administration’s rice-pledging system, which cost the state about 500 billion ringgit in costs.

She has since moved worldwide.

The minister, however, declined to comment when asked if Yingluck may be eligible for a reduced statement following a petition.

The secretary cited the need for Thailand to adhere to international corrections guidelines as justification for pursuing the plan, noting that 50 of the country’s prisons are currently in really poor condition and that the majority of them are on average 90 years old.

Due to limited finances, just one innovative prison may be built each month, leaving the recent facilities overcrowded, he said.

” Some other countries have adopted similar programs”, he said.

According to a recent study conducted in Thailand, captives who have been permitted to remain detained outside of jail have a significantly lower level of incarceration than those who have received their whole sentences, he said.

The minister strongly refuted growing rumors that this incarceration solution was created to help Yingluck’s returning to Thailand, saying that” the new choice wasn’t tailor-made for any particular person but for all who are eligible for it.”

There are some issues that need to be resolved before the new detention program may be unveiled, according to the minister, even though it appears to have received most people sessions.

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N3 lottery may get the chop

After receiving a negative response from the people since its release in November, the Finance Ministry is considering the future of the N3 jackpot.

The three-digit lottery ( N3 ), which was introduced in a bid to defeat illegal lotteries and expensive six-digit lottery tickets ( L6), did not perform as expected during its trial phase, according to deputy finance minister Julapun Amornvivat on Tuesday.

Launched on Nov 1 as part of a six-month” platform” program, the N3 jackpot offers cards priced at 20 ringgit each through 800 authorised retailers globally. The initiative sought to entice buyers by offering a legal alternative and to reduce annual underground lottery purchases by 10 % to 20 %.

But, sales have fallen short of projections, with just 1.17 million tickets sold last quarter compared to the five million cards available per pick.

Critics claim that N3 has neglected to solve important issues like the systemic problems in the raffle distribution system and the supremacy of middlemen in the L6 market.

After the platform period is over, Mr. Julapun stated that the impact of the N3 lottery would be carefully examined. If the results remain below anticipation, the state may withdraw the effort, he said.

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Govt threatens university over cop course for Chinese

Supamas Isarabhakdi
Supamas Isarabhakdi

Siam University will face legal action from the Ministry of Higher Education, Science, Research, and Innovation ( MHESI) if it does not cooperate with a Chinese executive who is accused of carrying out a contentious volunteer police training program for Chinese citizens without the university’s permission.

MinisterSupamas Isarabhakdisaid on Tuesday that the university has already affirmed that it had no involvement in, or knowledge of, the programme and did not collect any fees, but the course was promoted using the university’s logo, which is a violation of the Private Higher Education Institutions Act BE 2546 (2003).

Last year, a Chinese executive made the revelation that he had planned the training program and had charged Chinese individuals 38, 000 baht each. The training was attended by more than 20 individuals. The school denied presence and asserted that it was a person’s deed.

The secretary emphasized that if the school didn’t report a problem, the government would move in and bring expenses against it.

Because there is no need to wait, the school may move the process as quickly as possible or within one to two weeks. We are all waiting for an answer”, she said.

She explained to the government that the school had informed the government that it was a one-time program, and that a disciplinary council should be established to investigate the Taiwanese executive. Its results might lead to a warning, pay calculation, or even a contract termination.

However, Siam University President Pornchai Mongkhonvanit claimed that the institution was the victim and did not participate in the program.

He claimed that the organization formed a fact-finding commission on January 3 after receiving the report on the contentious program held from December 25 through December 27. According to its findings, the voluntary police training program was run by an outsider with knowledge of various parties, including Metropolitan Police Bureau 3 police officers.

Li Zhang, Assistant to the President for International Activities of Siam University, was the planner. The job was never approved by the school, he said.

He said Mr Li even signed the letter presumably from the school, which, if true, should have been signed by the president or an assigned people. The training program did not provide any financial support to the school.

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Commentary: Squid Game Season 2 plays on the almost comical way we believe in our ability to ‘win’ capitalism

Squid Game explores the almost comical capacity people have to accept that they can thrive and emerge as the victor.

Players ‘ almost transcendental beliefs that they are the only ones who will win the game are fuelled by the game’s cruelty and violence. These wants, however, fight with the main civilization of the players.

Camaraderie develops as the people work collectively, and family relationships, earlier friends, shared experience, sympathy and religion all have a clear presence in the present. In the end, however, the overall game’s firm logic glosses over them.

The most outrageous current example of this behavior is American financier Bernie Madoff, who brutally defrauded home and kin in the Jewish community for his own gain.

” TEMPORARILY EMBARRASSED MILLIONAIRES”

Some critics lamented that Season 2 is also focused on the life of the gamers, with only season four of which actually begins the games.

However, this change undoubtedly makes the connection between the real world and the games little more obvious. In turn, it makes the movie’s critique of capitalism yet more prominent.

Although the series ‘ main draw is undoubtedly the high-stakes games, the series ‘ popularity still has a lot to do with its core message, which becomes much more clear in the second season. People can identify with the figures who bravely face hardship to reclaim their life in the face of hardship.

As American author John Steinbeck once put it, some mid- and working-class American see themselves as “temporarily uncomfortable capitalists”. This outlook perfectly captures the constant involvement in a bourgeois structure with only a passing chance of success.

This fluid is exemplified in Squid Game Season 2, which explores how people rationalize their involvement in a game that often contradicts their most fundamental human instincts.

The lyrics to Bertold Brecht’s satirical song March of the Calves comes to mind:” Following the drum / The calves trot / The skin for the drum / They deliver themselves” .&nbsp,

It serves as a somber analogy for how our willingness to sacrifice to achieve success frequently conjures it up.

Dirk Matten is professor of ecology and Hewlett-Packard head in corporate social responsibility at the Schulich School of Business, York University, in Canada. This commentary&nbsp, primary appeared&nbsp, in The Conversation.

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