Our universe may appear stable, having been around for 13.7 billion years, but many experiments indicate that it is in danger of colliding with a dangerous cliff. And it’s all down to the volatility of a single underlying electron: the Higgs boson.
We demonstrate in a new study by me and my coworkers that some early universe models, those that involve mild ancient black holes, are unlikely to be accurate because they would have already caused the Higgs boson to destroy the universe.
All the contaminants known to exist have the same size and interactions with the Higgs particle. Because elementary molecules interact with a area known as the Higgs field, creating particle public. Because the Higgs boson exists, we know that the industry exists.
This area can be interpreted as a perfectly just water bathroom that we take in. It has the same characteristics throughout the entire world. We can see the same people and relationships throughout the cosmos as a result. This consistency has made it possible to observe and describe the same physics for a long period of time ( astronomers typically look backward ).
However, it’s not likely that the Higgs area will be in the most energy-efficient condition. That implies that it could potentially alter its position and experience a lower energy level at a specific location. If that happened, however, it may affect the laws of physics significantly.
What physicists refer to as a stage change as a result of this change. Water transforms into vapors, creating balloons as a result. Low-energy area bubbles with entirely different physics may be created by a stage transition in the Higgs field.
In such a balloon, the size of electrons would instantly change, and so did its relationships with other particles. The nuclear nucleus, which is composed of quarks and protons, had suddenly move. Basically, anyone who notices a change had likely no longer be able to review it.
Constant danger
According to recent data from Cern’s Large Hadron Collider ( LHC), a similar event might be possible. However, do n’t be alarmed; this might only occur a few billion billion years after we retire.
For this reason, in the corridors of particle physics agencies, it is usually said that the world is no unsteady but somewhat “meta-stable”, because the world’s end may not happen anytime soon.
To form a balloon, the Higgs industry needs a good reason. According to quantum mechanics, the concept which governs the microcosmos of particles and contaminants, the power of the Higgs is often fluctuating. And it’s statistically possible ( although doubtful, which is why it takes so long ) that the Higgs occasionally forms a bubble.
However, the story is different when there are other energy sources, such as hot blood ( a type of subject made up of charged particles ): the field can use this energy to create bubbles more quickly.
So, whether the extreme environments that followed the Big Bang could have caused for bubbling, despite the fact that there is no reason to believe that the Higgs field creates numerous bubbles today, is a large question in terms of cosmology.
However, thermal effects altered the Higgs ‘ particle properties when the world was extremely warm, despite the abundance of energy needed to create Higgs bubbles. Thus, this heat could not cause the finish of the universe, which is perhaps why we are still around.
Ancient black holes
However, in our new study, we discovered that there is only one source of heat that would consistently produce such flowing ( without the stabilizing thermal results first observed in the period leading up to the Big Bang ).
That’s a type of dark tunnel that first appeared in space when space was overcrowded. Unlike regular black holes, which form when stars decline, ancient ones could be small – as mild as a ounce.
Many theoretical models that account for the cosmos’s development shortly after the Big Bang are based on the existence of such gentle black holes as a forecast. Some of these include prices designs that suggest the world exploded massively after the Big Bang.
However, there is a major caveat to prove that black holes exist: Stephen Hawking demonstrated in the 1970s that black holes gradually vanish due to the absence of light by emitting energy through their event horizon.
Hawking demonstrated that black holes have a universe-wide heat that is inextricably related to its density. This results in faster evaporation and hotter emission of light dark holes than large ones.
By now, if primordial black holes that were lighter than a few billion billion grams ( then 10 billion times the mass of the Moon ) had been created, they would have vanished.
Similar objects would act like impurities in a fizzy drink in the presence of the Higgs field, assisting in the process by influencing the liquid’s energy through gravity ( due to the black hole’s mass ) and the ambient temperature ( due to its Hawking radiation ).
When ancient dark holes vanish, they warmth the universe directly. They may develop near hot spots, which could be significantly warmer than the universe at large but still be significantly colder than the average Einstein temperature.
What we showed, using a combination of scientific calculations and quantitative simulations, is that, because of the presence of these popular spots, they had regularly produce the Higgs industry to bubble.
But we are still around. This implies that for things are incredibly unlikely to have ever existed. We should reject all cosmic theories that might have predicted their existence, in fact.
That’s, of course, unless we find some proof of their past in antiquity through tidal waves or radiation. If we do, that may be even more interesting.
That would suggest that the Higgs has a mechanism that prevents it from bubbling in the presence of primordial black holes that we do n’t know. This does, in fact, become brand new molecules or causes.
On both the smallest and largest weights, it is obvious that there is still a lot to learn about the planet.
Lucien Heurtier is Postdoctoral Research Associate, King’s College London
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