HBO’s White Lotus does Thailand dirty – Asia Times

Did you hear? There’s been another death at a White Lotus lodge, this moment the one in Thailand.

Again for its second season, Mike White’s critically acclaimed and Emmy award-winning tragi-comedy series follows the awful exploits of the White Lotus’s rich, mostly light holidaymakers, alongside the local employees.

There is cultural comedy, a lot of drama and often a death in heaven. In the first time there was dying in Hawaii, the following in Sicily, Italy, and then, in the second, there’s dying in Koh Samui.

I have studied on-screen images of Thailand, so I was interested to see how the present handled this area. Rather, the exoticness and charm of Thailand is foregrounded, as is the metaphysics of Buddhism.

The set follows four groups of people, the majority of whom the market is somehow made to feel repulsed by.

The first is the Ratliff community. There’s father, Timothy ( Jason Isaacs ) who works in finance and mother, Victoria ( Parker Posey ), whose anxiety means she is heavily medicated and constantly falling asleep.

Then the kids: daughter, Piper ( Sarah Catherine Hook ) who is studying Buddhism, son Lochlan ( Sam Nivola ) who has poor posture from being glued to his computer, and Saxon ( Patrick Schwarzenegger ), the eldest of the three, whose primary focus is having sex.

The next group is three middle-aged ladies who are on a “girls ‘ vacation” who abandon their emotions as the line advances. They are frequently referred to as wildcats by Saxon. Also present are the odd couple Chelsea ( Aimee Lou Wood ) and her older partner Rick ( Walton Goggins ), who appear to be going through a rough patch.

The one likable person, Belinda ( Natasha Rothwell ), is a character previously seen working in the spa in the first season’s Hawaiian resort. She is conducting research for her own welfare organization in Thailand.

Bad people

As with past line, the knowledge of the holidaymakers is obvious. Thailand is referred to as Taiwan. She is told by her family that she is not Taiwanese, so Piper is unable to be a Buddhist.

In a number of shows, the notion of the older, wealthy, shaved white man who retires to Thailand with a little younger woman is hammered house.

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The couple Thai characters we are introduced to are submissive, often smiling, and always there to choose because of these guests’ continued social ignorance and indifference. There’s always a sense of contempt at the achievements of the rich light customers. They are silent and for the most part, excluded.

Belinda, the single dark character, is also the only one who converses in any significant way with a Thai people. The only story that gives Thai characters any space is one in which a security guard ( Tayme Thapthimthong ) and health expert Mook ( Lalisa Manoban ) blossom in love, but this is sidelined.

There is a distinct cultural, economic, and cultural split in the presentation that doesn’t allow any Thai characters to express their opinions or gain any meaningful development. The main topic of discussion is whiteness, which was also raised in past shows.

An absurd Thailand

All of these elements come along to give a glimpse of Thailand through the lens of Orientalism. This is a European way of looking at non-Western places as whole of metaphysics, sexuality and exoticness, where little regular occurs.

This perspective is reinforced by characters who frequently say things like” Thailand is full of people either looking for something or hiding something” and” Whatever happens in Thailand stays in Thailand”

Alcohol and drugs can be purchased away from the beach in a continuous flow. In the first few episodes, the crowd is shown Lochlan gazing upon the naked figure of his nephew, which makes adultery also come up in the plot.

The nation is depicted as a playground for white debauchery, where anything goes, much like in the film The Hangover Part II ( 2011 ), a trope I have explored in my research.

The way that Thai church is depicted as being spiritual furthers the hyperlink to Orientalism. A tinkling report indicates something ethereal is happening whenever a character engages in spiritual practice.

This isn’t confined to American heroes. The images are slow-motion as light flickers through a magical aura as Gaitok makes an providing at a temple.

Thailand is described as a strange and mysterious property. &nbsp, Image: Home Box Office

Go to filming locations in Sicily and Hawaii has increased significantly in the past two seasons, as evidenced by their on-screen portrayals, and the Thailand placing this season is expected to do the same.

The scenery is a continuous focal point, which best exemplifies the theory of the” tourist gaze” by British psychologist John Urry. From the forest and palm trees to sea vistas, unique portions of the scenery are lingering upon. Monkeys are continually seen, alongside another “exotic” species.

This recurring theme runs through every Hollywood film that is set in Thailand, including Anna and the King of Siam ( 1946 ) and The Impossible ( 2012 ), which portrays it solely as an exotic location.

The backdrop for a discussion in one image is the Buddhist temple Wat Pho, which is used in this collection. Moreover, what appears to be the Phi Phi Islands, known for their immaculate beaches and clear waters, fall prior during a pleasure yacht vacation. Unfortunately, this line ‘ focus on Thailand is reduced to comprehensible volumes of popular culture images.

White Lotus plays a double-cross. The series is undoubtedly important of the characters, portraying the lifestyle and holidays as appealing and aspirant, while strengthening antiquated Orientalist stereotypes in itself. You’d expect a present that attempts to depict the negative aspects of a particular type of tourism doesn’t also fall foul of the hypocrisy it’s trying to portray.

Andrew Russell is teacher, University of Artistic &amp, Cultural Industries, University of Portsmouth

This content was republished from The Conversation under a Creative Commons license. Read the original post.

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Foes have long feared US power. Now its allies do too – Asia Times

When a new US president takes business, his first priority is usually to comfort America’s supporters and inform its allies. But, Donald Trump is doing things differently. It seems his objective is to strike fear into the heart never of America’s enemy, but rather its companions.

American presidents have usually seen the government’s network of friends as a “force multiple” – everything that magnifies American strength and applies it more efficiently. A wide range of allies include trading lovers, military installations, and political assistance at international organizations.

According to this line of reasoning, it is in America’s personal objectives to defend and support its allies – the advantages outweigh the costs.

Trump, by comparison, opinions friends both as rivals and burdens. He believes that they are too dependent on American navy might to justify themselves, and that their financial partnership with the US results in wealth at the expense of American workers. He wants US friends to spend more of their own funds on security and to purchase more goods from the US, especially in Europe.

He also appears perhaps more eager to use America’s formidable coercive means to force this happen than he did during his first term. His common risks of taxes, for instance, are designed to push places to go along with his desires, including in non-economic aspects of the relationship. He also threatens to employ economic and military force in disturbing methods, such as attempting to overthrow Canada, Greenland, and the Panama Canal.

The end result is a universe in which American friends can no longer depend on the US to be a trustworthy companion. They may have to contend with a predatory Washington in addition to their standard enemy.

An plane carrying Donald Trump’s son, Don Jr, arrives at an aircraft in Nuuk, Greenland, on January 7. &nbsp, Photo: Emil Stach / EPA via The Talk

Some are more astonished than another, despite the fact that all US friends are concerned about this new direction of events. The biggest impact has come in Europe, which has long occupied a wealthy place in America’s proper thinking.

Europeans were aware that a following Trump word would be difficult. On the campaign trail, for example, he vowed across-the-board tariffs of up to 20 %. But they didn’t believe Trump to threaten the place of NATO people Canada and Denmark, which owns Greenland.

Since Trump’s return to the White House, Europe’s opinion of the country has changed. The majority of Europeans no more see the US as an alliance that shares the same values and interests, according to the findings of a recent study conducted by the European Council on Foreign Relations, opting instead to view it as a “necessary lover.”

For additional US allies and partners, especially in the Global South, this transition is less amazing. Panama owes its existence to an action of US colonization. The US sent military troops to Colombia in 1903 to aid in its independence, with the ultimate target of collaborating with the new government to build the canal.

But Panama has since witnessed many American military treatments. Most recently, in December 1989, the then US senator, George H W Bush, ordered 20, 000 US soldiers to Panama where they toppled the state and arrested the country’s president, Manuel Noriega, on costs of drug trafficking, extortion and money laundering.

Non-Western nations have long been taught that if legislators in Washington feel it is necessary, the US will reject their interests and exploit their weakness. What we are currently seeing is the expansion of this fragility to everyone.

Failure for adulation

There is an extra issue for globe leaders looking to explore this troubled time. Trump has a habit of personalizing politics, deciding who he likes and who doesn’t enjoy based on their alleged kindness rather than a more sane analysis of their objectives.

He is also a junkie for large, colorful works of politics. He frequently gives the impression that his primary goal is to be able to signal any offer that he can consider to be a success, more than giving too much consideration to the competing interests at stake.

This implies that intelligent frontrunners can mislead and deceive him. In early February, Trump postponed tariffs on Mexico after the country’s president, Claudia Sheinbaum, promised to send troops to the US-Mexico borders to address the cartels trafficking the medicine morphine in the US.

The only issue is that almost all morphine is trafficked by US residents at legitimate border crossings, where they only bring in little amounts of it in their cars. According to Raúl Benítez, a military analyst at Mexico’s National Autonomous University, the “ant-like prospects of morphine” makes command of the business “almost difficult”.

Therefore, adding soldiers to the boundary will likely not be able to stop the flow of fentanyl. Trump declared success anyhow– and then another world leaders are studying Sheinbaum’s approach.

A part of Mexico’s state police patrolling the frontier in Ciudad Juarez, Mexico, on February 7 2025. &nbsp, Photo: Luis Torres / EPA via The Talk

Trump’s sporadic lack of confidence in adulation is hardly surprising. Trump rather presents US friends with a harmful and uncertain power. Trump appears to view the world as divided into spheres of influence, in which strong nations are free to intimidate their companions, similar to those of the leaders of Russia and China.

Some nations will come to the conclusion that America is just another hostile great power that needs to be managed as opposed to a nation that at least exhibits limited compliance with international law. Some people may decide that they have no choice but to rift out of US trajectory and start anew with Russia and China.

One thing is clear: US friends must do more to guarantee they can protect their interests separately. If only they can mobilise the would, European nations have the resources to do this, in contrast to countries like Panama. They ought to consider themselves lucky and get to operate.

Andrew Gawthorpe is professor in history and foreign Studies, Leiden University

This content was republished from The Conversation under a Creative Commons license. Read the original content.

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Apple partners with Alibaba to sell AI-powered iPhones in China – Asia Times

Apple Inc. and Alibaba partnered to add artificial intelligence ( AI ) capabilities to the iPhone, disregarding US lawmakers ‘ request to end all American and Chinese company partnerships. &nbsp,

Apple’s share amount increased to US$ 241.5 on Thursday, up 6.4 % from Tuesday, when The Knowledge first reported the media. Alibaba’s Hong Kong-listed shares have surged 18 % to HK$ 124.1 ( US$ 15.9 ) from Tuesday to Friday. &nbsp,

Last year, Apple sold 42.9 million iPhones in China, down 17 % from 2024. The business placed first. 3 in the Chinese handset industry, following Vito and Huawei. In the fiscal year ending September 30, 2024, Apple generated about 17 % of its revenue from China. &nbsp,

” Apple has always been finicky. When they finally agreed to work with us, Alibaba Chairman Joe Tsai said to writers while attending the Dubai World Governments Summit. They want to power their phones with our AI technologies.

Apple Intelligence

In June, Apple announced it had start Apple Intelligence, an AI-powered private knowledge program for its phone, iPad, and Mac. &nbsp,

The new function, according to Apple chips, would enable them to comprehend and make language and images, act across apps, and use specific context to make tasks easier and quicker. &nbsp,

People of the most recent Apple tools, including all of the phone 16 designs and the phone 15 Pro and Pro Max, started using Apple Intelligence to modify messages and emails, emphasize their notifications, and modify photos in October. &nbsp,

Users may use Apple Intelligence on their products or Apple’s Personal Cloud Compute system for AI tasks that call for a lot of computing power. &nbsp,

Apple had planned to collaborate with Baidu before discovering that its AI concepts, according to The Information, weren’t really what it wanted. &nbsp,

According to the review, Apple had little choice but to look for a Chinese partner to have its AI tools approved by authorities.

Apple’s AI devices are anticipated to be accessible to phone users in China starting in May. &nbsp,

Alibaba’s bot

Apple’s decision to promote AI information or systems with Alibaba is undetermined, nor will it include the AI robot Tongyi Qianwen or Qwen from Alibaba in smartphones for sale in China.

In May next month, Alibaba launched Qwen2.5, which has 500 million to 110 billion guidelines. More characteristics frequently result in stronger models.

OpenAI’s ChatGPT3 has about 175 billion characteristics, while ChatGPT4 has about 1.8 trillion guidelines. The layout of ChatGPT4 consists of eight types, each of which has 220 billion guidelines. &nbsp,

On January 28 this month, Alibaba unveiled Qwen2.5-Max, which claims to have been trained on over 20 trillion guidelines. It said Qwen2.5-Max performs much better than DeepSeek.

It would be no wonder if Qwen2.5 you do better than DeepSeek. DeepSeek’s designers said in a research report on January 22 that they had “distilled” data from Qwen2.5 when training their AI models. &nbsp,

In the process of “knowledge distillation”, DeepSeek is a student who keeps asking questions to a competent educator, such as ChatGPT or Qwen2.5 and uses the responses to fine-tune its reasoning. &nbsp,

In this situation, Qwen2.5 is a professor trained by Alibaba with powerful technology skills, while DeepSeek is a student, or a clone of another AI models.

Zhou Chang, an engine engineer at Alibaba and the person in charge of the Qwen2.5 AI design, left Alibaba final July, taking along a group of about 10 technicians to meet ByteDance. &nbsp,

Media reports said Zhou’s annual salary at Alibaba was about 2 million yuan ( US$ 275, 691 ). ByteDance provided Zhou with a deal worth at least 10 million renminbi. However, according to reports, Alibaba sued him, claiming that he was barred from joining a rival. &nbsp,

US regulations

The Biden presidency finalized a set of regulations last October that would ban US purchases in some national security products and technologies in China, Hong Kong, and Macau.

The laws, effective on January 2 this month, include China’s AI, Quantum and silicon areas. &nbsp,

The Republican Senator Josh Hawley introduced a costs titled” Decoupling America’s Artificial Intelligence Capabilities from China Act of 2025″ on January 29 that would ban the import and export of relational AI systems or intellectual property. &nbsp,

If passed by the US Congress, the Act does stop people from “importing” smartphones powered by Taiwanese AI systems. But, whether and when this act will be passed is still a problem.

The Asia Times has Yong Jian as a source. He is a Chinese columnist who specializes in Chinese technologies, economy and politics. &nbsp,

Read: Trump obtuse of calling for a perfect DeepSeek ban

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Frontline soldiers don’t believe Ukraine will get a just peace – Asia Times

Russian infantry soldiers, who were reached for comment in response to recent political developments, including Donald Trump’s unexpected news on February 12, have no confidence that the US government’s intervention will put an end to the nightmare of their invaded nation.

Trump took to social media to announce the result of his cellphone dialogue with Vladimir Putin:” We agreed to work up, very carefully, including visiting each other’s nations”. That came after the US leader’s pledge on February 3 to” quit that ridiculous battle.”

Trump’s Secretary of Defense Pete Hegseth elaborated, stating that the US will not longer promote European security and expects Europe to get greater accountability, especially in supporting Ukraine. He also dismissed the hopes for Ukraine to join NATO and restore its pre-2014 frontiers as “unrealistic”.

Frontline soldiers are incredibly skeptical despite the repeated emphasis on the need for a” just peace” in Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky’s messages regarding possible negotiations. The most probable outcome, according to the contacted soldiers, is a iced conflict, one that would enable Russia to regroup and start an even bigger war in the future.

Consider Ihor from the 23rd Mechanized Brigade, known by his call” Rogue”, who warned that any peace would probably be temporary. ” I think there will be a wait and some sort of truce, but only for two or three years before it will begin again.” That’s why we need to plan for the next large, even if a peace deal is signed.

” I think during Trump’s full president we’ll been preparing and building up our troops. Finally, during this time, Europe may wake up and start supplying weapons correctly. Round two did start when a new president takes office in the US.

Ihor ( right ) guides a Vector drone with an Xbox controller. Photo: David Kirichenko

As for Trump, Ihor said,” Actually, he upsets me more and more every day. He and Putin are now nearly kissing. He’ll simply hands over the dominated areas to the Russians and begin utilizing the natural resources we have remaining. We’ll be Trump’s rock country”.

He added:” I think Trump is only interested in making money, and our war is hurting that. He wants to end it because it hurts business but also because it demonstrates how strong he is, not just because he is a good man.

Regarding Trump’s proposed peace package, Dmytro Zhluktenko from the 413th Separate Battalion of Unmanned Systems expressed a lot of suspicion. Zhluktenko, who helped build one of Ukraine’s most powerful charity money, Dzyga’s Paw, following Russia’s full-scale war in 2022, went on to join the army in 2024.

” From what we have seen so far, I don’t see any fairness or justice in the peace deal being pushed by Trump’s team”, he said.

Beyond problems over the package itself, Zhluktenko criticized the government’s knowledge of the issue.

” I see a great deal of incompetence in their public briefings regarding Ukraine,” according to the statement” the war has set Ukraine back a century, that Ukraine should hold elections during wartime, or that the US has spent$ 200 billion more than Europe on Ukraine’s defense.” Like assertions, in his opinion, indicate a disregard for the realities of the situation.

Zhluktenko also refuted the notion that Trump has a chance to reach a long-term agreement that would be acceptable to both Russia and Ukraine, arguing that Moscow has no true opportunity to bargain while it is still in progress.

” Russia already has no opportunity to communicate, as it is advancing”, he noted.

He more warned that Russia’s need for Ukraine’s full disarmament is impossible due to reasonable protection concerns. He cited previous, unsuccessful partnerships as evidence that it was impossible to trust Russia to respect peace agreements.

“Ukraine has now experienced so-called peace treaties with Russia, such as the Minsk I and Minsk II treaties, both of which failed. Fighting always stopped, and Russia also launched a full-scale war in 2022”.

Zhluktenko worries that Trump’s strategy will follow the same pattern: it will only temporarily put an end to fighting in Ukraine while Russia reorganizes for a new attack. I worry that the agreement Trump is developing will not be different, with Russia simply starting to attack once more when it’s ready, a temporary halt to fighting at Ukraine’s expense.

” Without real safety, nothing else things”, said Zhluktenko.

Dima ( “Klim” ), an infantry soldier from the 98th Separate Territorial Defense Battalion, expressed deep skepticism about Trump’s approach to ending the war, warning that it could come at Ukraine’s expense.

Dima, from the 98th Separate Territorial Defense Battalion, takes a quick smoking break. Photo: David Kirichenko

Trump “has taken it upon himself to end the war,” Dima claimed. He will probably make pressure on Putin and Zelensky to ratify a peace treaty that leaves the enemy in place.

He seems to want to begin World War III and participate in it, Dima continued. Ukraine will need to put up with the subsequent war in any case, and with the kind of peace that is undoubtedly upon us, we need to put the effort in.”

Reflecting on previous failed contracts with Moscow, he cautioned against accepting Russia’s pledges, fearing that any rushed bargain would only enhance the foe.

” We have already seen how important contracts Russia and Russia are to us and how effectively they are kept. The opponent would only need a moment to regroup, so watch out.

eksandr waits in the bleachers before setting out to build a drone. Photo: David Kirichenko

Oleksandr from the 23rd Mechanized Brigade, known by the call’ Pharmacist’ according to his pre-war job, criticized Trump’s stance on Russia, arguing that European leaders fail to grasp the real stakes of the war.

” In my opinion, his view to Russia is far too soft”, he said. While America and Europe play game with our existence, the Russian army is destroying our houses and killing innocent Russians.

Trump may simply start this conflict, Oleksandr said, but it will cost us a lot.

In a turnaround of its volunteer post-Soviet non-nuclear position, Andriy Yermak, the mind of the Office of the President of Ukraine, made a speech in late January that echoed Zelensky’s.

A really peace is not a frozen turmoil; it is also security guarantees that no one will ever engage in more aggression. Nuclear weapons will be the only safeguard option if the world doesn’t make this a reality.

Those were powerful words, but Russians know that outside” security offers” often have proven to be pie in the sky. A common thread among Ukrainian soldiers is that Trump and the West have not demonstrated their commitment to ending the conflict for good or achieving a lasting resolution.

After losing so many of its best members during the conflict, these soldiers don’t think Ukraine will have a chance to experience” just peace.” They claim to continue defending their freedom and fighting for their land.

“Ukrainian soldiers believe only in themselves”, said Oleksandr.

David Kirichenko, a Ukrainian-American freelance journalist, activist, and security engineer, has frequently traveled to and worked in the areas being fought over during the Ukraine War. He can be found on the social media platform X @DVKirichenko

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Can the Alternative for Germany save NATO? – Asia Times

” We are at an existential milestone for our freedom and security” ,&nbsp, declared German Foreign Minister&nbsp, Annalena&nbsp, Baerbock, who demanded European involvement in the Ukraine peace talks initiated this week by Presidents Trump and Putin.

Better said, it is an existential time for Baerbock’s Green Party, the most intense conflict hawks on the German political range. Despite the Greens ‘ enthusiasm for the Ukraine War, only&nbsp, 9 % of its members&nbsp, told German pollsters that they would fight to defend their country. &nbsp,

Europe’s war eagles don’t want to spend and don’t want to struggle. Their sense of entitlement derives from their status as customers of the Washington foreign&nbsp, and security&nbsp, policy establishment, which paid billions of dollars a year through USAID, the National Endowment for Democracy&nbsp, ( NED), and prominent private foundations to keep complaisant Germans on the payroll. &nbsp,

” Brutally hard Americans shock Europe”, reads the headline in today’s” Berlin Playbook” newsletter by&nbsp, the German Springer Verlag-owned&nbsp, Politico, &nbsp, the recipient of$ 8 million a year in US government subsidies, according to a&nbsp, White House spokesperson.

Die Welt’s Jacques Schuster, writer, reported February 13 that the shock extends far beyond the peace negotiations in Ukraine, which left the Europeans “relegated to the family’s table.” &nbsp,

President Donald Trump pulled that lock after years of warning that the United States could not and would not be able to defend Europe continuously. &nbsp, Trump&nbsp, on&nbsp, February 13 proposed a new global security alliance with Russia and China that may help the United States to reduce its military expenditure in half.

” At some point, when things settle down, I’m going to meet with China and I’m going to meet with Russia, in particular those two, and I’m going to say there’s no reason for us to be spending almost$ 1 trillion on the military … and I’m going to say we can spend this on other things”, Trump said.

Europe will have to see to its own defence. &nbsp, The only major political party with a clear defense strategy is Germany’s Alternative für Deutschland&nbsp, ( AfD ), the scrappy populist&nbsp, contender that filled the vacuum&nbsp, on the conservative spectrum after Angela Merkel&nbsp, moved her Christian Democrats toward the left.

Merkel suspended&nbsp, compulsory&nbsp, military support for all men 18 years or older in 2011&nbsp, and&nbsp, later&nbsp, allied her gathering with the&nbsp, Social Democrats&nbsp, and adopted green&nbsp, anti-nuclear&nbsp, strength guidelines.

In a&nbsp, December 22, 2024, research, &nbsp, we&nbsp, noted that the&nbsp, AfD&nbsp, is the only European party proposing a&nbsp, comprehensive&nbsp, restoration of&nbsp, military recruitment. The&nbsp, AfD’s&nbsp, gathering system states:

Military support is virtuous services. It should not be understood as a violation of a citizen’s fundamental right initially, but as a civic duty to defend peace and security and ensure the stability of our nation’s politics. The federal troops should be established within society, and the end of conscription has significantly damaged this relationship in recent months.

At the&nbsp, AfD’s&nbsp, group agreement January 12 in the city of Riesa in the state of Saxony, its co-chair Tino&nbsp, Chrupalla&nbsp, proposed to eliminate recruitment from the group’s electoral&nbsp, campaign&nbsp, system. More than 70 % of the 600 members voted to keep recruitment at the vanguard of the battle, outvoting&nbsp, the&nbsp, AfD’s&nbsp, second-highest standard.

AfD&nbsp, Bundestag part Jan-Wenzel Schmidt, a head of the group in the European state of Saxony-Anhalt, told Asia Times,” The&nbsp, AfD&nbsp, advocates the&nbsp, full&nbsp, resumption of recruitment. National support for&nbsp, Germany offers younger people the opportunity for private development while making a&nbsp, valuable&nbsp, commitment to their country. Most importantly, it&nbsp, is essential for rebuilding Germany ‘s&nbsp, defense capabilities” .&nbsp,

He added,” It is&nbsp, critical&nbsp, for Germany to become more independent from its alliance partners. The Bundeswehr]German armed forces ] must be&nbsp, ready, &nbsp, if&nbsp, required, &nbsp, of defending Germany freely.

” This requires the acquisition of present defence equipment and the expansion of our own defense production&nbsp, of which European industry is highly competent, “he continued”. The&nbsp, AfD&nbsp, is strongly committed to NATO account, provided that the empire pieces &nbsp, to its&nbsp, function as a defensive alliance and does not work as a global&nbsp, offender.”

No one will fight and die for” Europe,” the abstract global government sitting in Brussels. &nbsp, But revolutionaries may fight for their country, the source of their personality and the&nbsp, vehicle for its distribution to future generations. &nbsp,

The&nbsp, AfD’s&nbsp, devotion to a large&nbsp, citizen&nbsp, army&nbsp, has profound strategic implications. Under Angela Merkel and&nbsp, her son, Social Democratic Chancellor Olaf Scholz, the Bundeswehr atrophied to the point that it cannot area a second combat-ready section.

Germany’s defence strategy is one of clinging to the American radioactive overcoat while doing nothing. &nbsp, That is an essentially unstable and unsafe state of affairs. Every crisis is sanitized by the lack of regular forces, which propels it further up the nuclear escalation ladder. &nbsp,

Helmut Schmidt clearly recognized this danger that&nbsp, ( West ) &nbsp, Germany would become a nuclear battleground ( and cemetery, as German soldiers&nbsp, darkly&nbsp, put it in the 1970s ) &nbsp, when he served as defense minister ( 1969-1972 ) under Chancellor Willy Brandt&nbsp, and acted on when he became chancellor himself in 1974 ( serving in that position until 1982 ).

Helmut Schmidt. Photo: Wikimedia Commons

Called Schmidt-the-Lip (” Schmidt-Schnauze” ) by his countrymen, &nbsp, he defined military (or&nbsp, theater ) nuclear arms as” nuclear arms that go off in Germany.”

He set out to regain reliable proper equilibrium in Europe, in particular, after&nbsp, the Russian deployment of the MIRVed SS-20 smart IRBM in 1976.

Under Schmidt ‘s&nbsp, leadership, the Bundeswehr grew to its maximum personnel strength of 495, 875 by the end of 1982. The army fielded 38 brigades, deployed over 7, 000 tanks and was judged ( even by American observers ) the world’s best standing fighting force. NATO’s 1979 decision, prompted by Schmidt, to deploy 108 Pershing&nbsp, II IRBM launchers in Europe led to equalization of the in-theatre&nbsp, nuclear balance.

And yet, &nbsp, in 1983, the world came perilously close to nuclear war during the NATO” Able Archer “exercises. By involving UK Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher and German Chancellor Helmut Kohl, NATO tried to make the exercises hyper-realistic, convincing the Russians that the exercise showed a NATO first strike against the Warsaw Pact.

NATO personnel participating in the training session called” Able Archer.” Photo: History Skills

In response, &nbsp, the Soviets readied their forces, including their nuclear forces, and potential disaster was only avoided when NATO headquarters realized the Soviet countermobilization was real&nbsp, and called the whole exercise off.

MiG-27s at Laerz Air Base in former East Germany. These nuclear-capable fighter-bombers were put on heightened alert by the Soviets during Able Archer. Photo: Wikiimedia Commons

After the near-disaster, Germany &nbsp, continued to&nbsp, build&nbsp, up&nbsp, and modernize its&nbsp, conventional forces, &nbsp, a process that only came to a halt after the fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989 and the subsequent collapse of the Soviet Union. &nbsp,

Talk of a peace dividend was reasonable, and it would have made sense to downsize the unified Germany.

What made no sense, &nbsp, and now condemns&nbsp, Germany &nbsp, to impotence in the current security situation in Europe, &nbsp, was a series of mindless government decisions driven by narrow budget considerations&nbsp, of&nbsp, the&nbsp, Social Democrat-Green&nbsp, ruling&nbsp, coalitions under Gerhard Schroeder ( 1998 – 2005 ) and the&nbsp, Christian Democratic-Social Democratic and Christian Democratic-Liberal&nbsp, coalitions headed by Angela Markel.

Those successive governments&nbsp, let the&nbsp, Bundeswehr&nbsp, fall into utter disrepair, its personnel reduced to just 180, 000 ( and falling ) at present.

Trump wants a less militarized security system. The key to achieving this goal&nbsp, is a robust German conventional force. That isn’t merely a matter of budget allocation, but of a national commitment to defense. The&nbsp, AfD’s&nbsp, proposal to revive the citizen army that Germany had in the closing years of the Cold War dovetails with Trump’s strategic vision.

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Will the dog that didn’t bark become the dragon that roared? – Asia Times

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Does the dog that didn’t wood become the lion that roared?

Despite continued US tariffs and technical settings, David Goldman explains how Chinese tech companies have increased. This protest, largely driven by the” DeepSeek effect”, signals that investors are increasingly confident in China’s ability to navigate US-imposed boundaries.

Biden’s last device restrictions give China another press toward self-sufficiency

Scott Foster reports that the last stone of technical limitations implemented by the Biden administration, intended to destroy China’s silicon supply stores, is reinforcing Beijing’s continued efforts toward silicon self-sufficiency.

Trump’s Ukraine politics: Remote peace, lingering war

According to James Davis, researchers continue to be wary about the chances of a quick peace agreement between Russia and Ukraine. A resolution to the conflict would require lifting Ukraine’s state of emergency and holding elections that might lead to his ouster from office, so President Zelensky is constantly working to prevent any instant peace agreement.

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Why EU may seize Russia’s ‘shadow fleet’ in the Baltic – Asia Times

Last month, Polititico&nbsp reported that some EU nations might capture Russia’s” shadow ship” in the Baltic Sea under the pretext of adhering to global climate and piracy laws.

They might even pass novel national laws to validate this, too. The arrest of one of these ships in Finland last December under the excuse that it was engaged in cutting an underground cable reportedly prompted them to do so frequently. The goal would be to reduce the Kremlin’s international revenue flow from Asia-based sales of reduced oil.

Stopping them from operating in the Baltic Sea may have a significant financial impact on the Kremlin because roughly 40 % of its” dark ship” transits through the Baltic Sea, or a little less than 350 warships, whose entire business was roughly comparable to one-third of Russia’s monthly defense budget.

However, these plans have a lot more difficulties in them than policymakers may suppose, issues that were raised in Politico’s statement.

First of all, the seizure of even a solitary ship could result in big political and legal costs due to international law and the ownership of some” shadow fleet” vessels, something that Finland is only just starting to learn after the dramatic incident in December.

If they can’t rely on the EU as a whole to support them, let alone NATO’s head, they may decide to reconsider the intelligence of seizing any more boats, particularly if they need to reconsider this.

In the event that Russia sends naval tankers to escort its” shadow submarine” through the Baltics, the last-mentioned problem leads to the second level about the potential for anescalation.

The deputy chairman of Russia’s political security committee&nbsp, warned&nbsp, that “any assault on our ships may be regarded as an assault on our place, even if the ship is under a foreign flag”. Trump doesn’t favor escalation against Russia, at least at this time, so he might not extend Article 5 guarantees to allies that seize such vessels.

And finally, all of this might simply be too little, too late. Russia and the US have already started backchannel discussions with Ukraine, putting an end to their proxy war when the stereotypically slow EU decides to support the US’s” shadow fleet “‘s capture of the Baltic Sea.

Moreover, this wasn’t hitherto seriously considered due to the two aforesaid reasons, which remain relevant. It’s, therefore, unlikely that the bloc will suddenly change its calculations.

The questions that are being addressed by the previous points are as simple as those in which some EU nations, like the hawkish Baltic States, want to appear as though they haven’t yet exhausted their policy options against Russia.

The realization that there isn’t anything they can do to stop Russia’s on-the-ground advance or collapse its economy as they anticipated could lead to a lot of demoralization because everything they’ve already done hasn’t stopped its on-the-ground advance.

The other two reasons might be even simpler because they could have already persuaded themselves that discussing this alone might deter Russia’s” shadow fleet” from operating in the Baltic and/or spur Trump’s aggression in Ukraine.

No matter how unlikely either outcome is, it doesn’t mean they still sincerely believe they’re possible. These political fantasies could quickly become dangerous, however, if any of the associated states try to unilaterally bring them to fruition.

A major incident at sea could instantly spark a&nbsp, New Cold War&nbsp, crisis that brings the&nbsp, Baltic front&nbsp, of this competition to the center of global attention.

It’s highly unlikely that Trump will turn his back on Russia if this occurs while Trump is still in talks with Putin because it is clear that this is a “deep state” provocation meant to sabotage a peace deal. However, if those discussions go wrong and he decides to “escalate to de-escalate” on better terms for the US, his strategy might change.

That could backfire though if Putin authorizes the navy to defend his” shadow fleet” as a reciprocal escalation&nbsp, following the precedent&nbsp, that he established last November.

Back then, he authorized the first-ever use of the hypersonic Oreshniks in response to Ukraine using long-range Western missiles against targets within Russia’s pre-2014 borders, which signaled that the days of his backing down were over. He used to be self-assured to avoid World War III, but that only unintentionally led to more hostility.

Putin is, therefore, expected to strongly respond to the scenario of European countries seizing his” shadow fleet” in the Baltic, which could lead to a Cuban-like brinksmanship crisis that might easily spiral out of control.

Trump would likely either decline to support such a provocation or would abandon whichever ally unilaterally engages in defiance of his warnings because he doesn’t appear to be willing to risk World War III by cutting off the Kremlin’s foreign revenue flow.

Russia’s” shadow fleet” shouldn’t have anything to worry about because the odds of European nations seizing its vessels are low, even though some of them might still attempt to capture a few ships under false pretenses like last December’s.

Russia might not escalate as it did less than two months ago as long as this is extraordinarily rare. However, any expansion of that policy almost certainly would result in a strong response from Russia.

This&nbsp, article&nbsp, was first published on Andrew Korybko’s Substack and is republished with kind permission. Become an Andrew Korybko Newsletter subscriber&nbsp, here.

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US losing crucial hypersonic race to China and Russia – Asia Times

Hypersonic weapons offer revolutionary war-fighting capabilities, but unsettled modern flaws, operational flaws, and tactical risks may outweigh their potential benefits for the US military.

Significant questions remain about the operation of hypersonic weapons despite the US’s increased efforts to develop them in real-world scenarios, according to a report released this month by the US Congressional Research Service ( CRS ).

The US is still focused on conventionally armed systems, which demand more accuracy and cutting-edge technology than their nuclear-armed counterparts, despite reports that rivals China and Russia have operational hypersonic glide vehicles ( HGV ) in place.

No US fast weapons system has yet reached full operationality, and prototypes are still being evaluated. Criticisms question the usefulness of these deterrents and show their unclear purposes and higher costs.

However, adversaries ‘ progress in hypersonic technologies raise worries about eroding the US’s competitive advantage.

Despite receiving a significant budget increase of US$ 6.9 billion for fast study in FY2025, issues relating to detection, defense, and the viability of wide-area protection against such threats are still unresolved.

Because the weapons are designed to evade regular monitoring and interception frameworks, US missile defense systems are ineffective at repressing supersonic threats.

In response to growing Chinese and Russian threats, analysts disagree on the value of these opportunities, while the US Congress must strike a balance between strengthening fast defense and improving insulting capabilities.

This ambiguity makes the US Department of Defense’s ( DOD ) strategic calculus more complex and may necessitate new arms control measures or risk mitigation strategies.

In a 2024 Military Review post, Andreas Schmidt makes the claim that fast weapons have considerable advantages because of their great speed, agility, and survivability. They shorten the time it takes the enemy’s mechanisms and shorten the chances of intrusion because they can travel at speeds higher than Mach 5.

By operating within the environment at levels between 20 and 60 km, these arms can prevent interceptors while delivering quick and accurate impacts, according to Schmidt.

Joshua Pollack makes reference to US fast weapons tests frequently failing because of extreme development plans and immature technologies in a January 2022 Defense One article.

The DOD’s scramble to quickly design and evaluation these weapons has led to poor design, limited testing and unsatisfactory oversight, Pollack argues. Failed tests involving the AGM-183 Air-Launched Rapid Response Weapon ( ARRW) and the US Army’s Long-Range Hypersonic Weapon ( LRHW), along with a canceled test in March 2023 due to battery issues, highlight these challenges.

Despite numerous losses, Francis Mahon and Punch Moulton argue in a January 2025 post for 1945 that adopting a” Crash Strong” technique is crucial for US weapon supremacy.

This process involves rapid tests, learning from failures and incremental improvements, and accelerating development and technological development. They claim that the US can quickly adapt and improve its fast functions by regularly testing and accepting failures, keeping it away of its closest-to-peer rivals China and Russia.

Even if the US gets its fast weapons programme up to speed, David Wright and Cameron Tracy notice in an article in the March 2024 Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists that extraordinary accuracy issues arise as a result of severe infrared stress and communication issues while flying.

According to the record, these problems affect targeting devices and delicate electronics. Hypersonic weapons can also be slowed down by great pull during low-altitude flight, making them easier targets for missile defence techniques.

In a RealClear Defense article, Shawn Rostker contends that the high cost of supersonic weapons, which are one-third more expensive than nuclear weapons with nimble warheads, does not support their military benefits. Cruise weapons or robots may suffice for several expeditions, Rostker says.

At the operational level, the US must integrate hypersonic missiles to counter anti-access/area-denial ( A2/AD ) strategies and ensure command-and-control resilience against adversary interference.

In a split January 2025 RealClear Defense content, Mahon and Moulton mention that hypersonic missiles essentially counter US near-peer adversaries ‘ A2/AD method.

These arms give US air and naval makes greater administrative flexibility by allowing them to negligence and destroy integrated air defense systems from a distance and defeat long-range anti-ship techniques.

However, Heather Penney mentions in a May 2023 Air &amp, Space Forces Magazine article that US kill chains—the sequence of steps needed to detect and attack targets —are vulnerable due to their dependence on interconnected components.

China has developed means to encrypt sensors or networks and defeat weapons at the end of the attack, potentially causing the death chain to collapse at each step.

The US must assess the necessity of nuclear-armed hypersonic weapons for strategic deterrence against advanced missile defenses while managing the risks of miscalculation and escalation.

Stephen Reny mentions in a 2020 Strategic Studies Quarterly article that the US may consider using nuclear-armed hypersonic weapons to combat advanced ballistic missile defense ( BMD) systems and restore a credible second-strike capability in relation to China and Russia’s modernizing nuclear arsenals in a 2020 Strategic Studies Quarterly article.

Nuclear-armed hypersonic weapons can bypass missile defenses, ensuring credible retaliation and maintaining global deterrence stability.

In a report from September 2021, Shannon Bugos and Kingston Reif contend that hypersonic weapons undermine strategic stability by raising the possibility of escalation and arms races.

Their maneuverability and speed lessen the response time, causing a complication in the assessment of a threat and causing more mistakes to be made. They present dangers because of the ambiguity of the target and weapon, which makes attacks on dual-use facilities mistaken for nuclear strikes.

America’s stalling US hypersonic weapons program is ultimately a race against failure—one where time, technology and strategy intersect. The US’s ability to overcome its obstacles and match the pace of its adversaries ‘ will determine how well it will impose itself in the military.

More than an arms race, hypersonic weapon competition defines today’s geopolitical contest, and the US must decide whether to accelerate, recalibrate or rethink its approach, arguably before it is too late.

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The US weapon China’s communists fear the most – Asia Times

America has a tool that frightens Xi Jinping’s inner circle. Nukes? &nbsp, F35s? &nbsp, Attack ships? No. Levies? Trade and tech punishment? No.

It ‘s&nbsp, Public Law 117-263&nbsp, — passed by Congress on December 23, 2022, known even the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2023.

Part 6501, in special, is Xi’s poison or worse. It’s clear that Xi and his associates are the subject of attention, and the name of the report says it all:” Survey on Wealth and Corrupt Activities of the Chinese Communist Party”

The Director of National Intelligence may consult with the Secretary of State to release an unidentified statement on the prosperity and crooked activities of the Chinese Communist Party leadership no later than one year after the legislation of this Act.

The estimate specifies numbers including” the General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party” — that’s Xi—” and top administration officials in the Central Committee, the Politburo, the Politburo Standing Committee, and any other local Party Secretaries”.

In the CCP pyramid, these are the people who are significant. The CCP’s best leadership is directly affected by this more than any other course of action the British government can get. Apply restrictions and taxes, and Xi and the CCP elite may gladly have ordinary Chinese absorb the pain and consequence, limitlessly.

But explaining away the CCP government’s enormous wealth — to include international bank accounts, businesses, real estate and relatives with “green cards” is challenging — and dangerous — especially while Xi is telling all another Chinese to “eat bitterness”.

The 600 million Chinese people who live on US$ 5 per day and the sizable amount who live on less may not be so knowledge. This problem, which is presumably a part of any marxist party, could actually bring down the CCP. &nbsp, &nbsp,

Problem was a big reason that Free China’s Nationalist, or Kuomintang, government lost to Mao’s socialists in 1949, ceding the island and fleeing to Taiwan — and Xi knows it.

In 2012, &nbsp, Bloomberg&nbsp, and the&nbsp, New York Times&nbsp, reported on CCP elite success — to contain Xi’s personal friends. More than anything this writer has seen in 40 times, the answer was angry. &nbsp, Bloomberg folded — fearing for its enterprise in the PRC. &nbsp, And the New York Times rolled over as well.

But it showed what’s doable — and exposed a lethal CCP risk. The British intelligence society, with its$ 100 billion monthly budget, you probably do even better than a small group of reporters.

Public Law 117-263, Section 6501, ordered the Director of National Intelligence, Avril Haines, &nbsp, and the Secretary of State, Antony Blinken, to get to operate and generate a report — within a month. It was owing December 23, 2023 — and still hasn’t appeared. Haines and Blinken&nbsp, have moved on to their next directorships.

Things may change, but, now that a fresh management is in place. Part 6501 was, in truth, pushed through by Senator Marco Rubio— who is now Secretary of State. And President Trump’s pull for DNI, Tulsi Gabbard, could prove to be made of sterner things than the original store owner, Haines.

Once it is released, Xi’s administration may start putting liens on bank accounts, real estate, and delaying permits and green cards in addition to his vowed anti-corruption efforts.

And find America’s colleagues to join in. For China’s socialist leaders to park their money and a sibling or two, the United Kingdom, Australia, and Canada are extremely beautiful bolt-holes.

Well, the Trump administration must restore the military, increase the circulation of technology and capital to the PRC, and stop depressive reliance on Chinese factories and supply chains. Even to the level of decoupling.

But it should also perform the one that “makes things specific” for Xi and the CCP management. Carry out Public Law 223-117, Section 6501 — and expose it to great god — and keep exposing it. It’s long late.

With many years of experience in Japan, Colonel Newsham is a withdrew United States Marine and an ex-American minister. He serves as a senior colleague at the Japan Forum for Strategic Studies in Japan as well as a senior fellow at the Center for Security Policy and the Yorktown Institute in the United States. &nbsp, He is the creator of&nbsp,” When China Attacks: A Warning to America”.

This article was originally published in The New York Sun, and it is now republished with the writer’s agreement. Read the original around.

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China fueling a political explosion in the Philippines – Asia Times

The Ferdinand Marcos Jr administration’s congressional election pattern in trouble, with one focus on the Dutertes on the one hand and their perceived supporters in Beijing on the other.

Almost two-thirds of the Philippine House of Representatives, which is generally supportive of the leader, overwhelmingly voted to remove Vice President Sara Duterte on the grounds of alleged fraud and abuse of power, not the least of which was a veiled threat to assassinate Marcos Jr.

With unusually aggressive language, Marcos Jr. fought the Dutertes in a cudgel-skating match. Marcos Jr launched a side attack on Rodrigo Duterte and the candidates from his clan during a subsequent campaign trip to his home province of Ilocos Norte, where he accompanied the government’s votes and important regional authorities bets.

” None of]my preferred candidates ] are accomplices in pocketing sacks of money, exploiting the pandemic crisis and letting our countrymen get sick and die”, he declared, referring to the Duterte administration’s alleged abysmal handling of and numerous corruption scandals during the Covid-19 pandemic.

” No one of them acts like the follower of a false prophet who has ruined our children and girls.” He continued, referring to Pastor Apollo Quiboloy, an ex-Duterte ally detained on charges of sex and human trafficking, as well as the proliferation of dodgy online Chinese casinos during the previous Rodrigo Duterte administration. None of them defended the POGOS [ Philippine Offshore Gaming Operators ] as the hotbeds of crime and sexual harassment against women.

The president of the Philippines has also raised the stakes by convincingly defending his Duterte-aligned foes as Foreign puppets while highlighting his relatively uncompromising attitude on the South China Sea issues.

” None of them claps for China and is even delighted whenever we are being ocean cannoned, our Coast Guard rammed, fishing blocked, their takes stolen and our territories retaken as their own territory”, he declared, referring to the Duterte generation’s soft-pedaling on China’s violent behavior in the contested waters. &nbsp,

Marcos Jr.’s harsh speech coincides with a comprehensive crackdown on alleged Foreign effect in the Philippines. While the Asian legislature has held hearings subpoenaing suspected pro-China propagandists, the Asian intelligence and security authorities have apprehended different Chinese nationals reportedly involved in spying activities over the past month.

Individuals who support Beijing, such as Ronald Dela Rosa, the former president’s police commander, who has instantly and quickly taken a tougher stance on the South China Sea problems, have also been receiving more public support.

Marcos Jr., who grew to the point of being elected, has consistently taken a firm position on China while doubling down on strengthened security ties with Western partners, including US ally in the joint defense treaty.

He has even reversed another significant Duterte plan legacycies, including the terrible “drug war,” which claimed the lives of tens of thousands of alleged drug traffickers in extrajudicial killings.

In reaction, the ex-president broke with convention and, since last year, has successfully called for the departure of his son in favor of his princess, Vice President Sara Duterte. In his latest explosion, Duterte repeatedly accused Marcos Jr of being a “heroin addiction” without providing information.

The former leader also openly criticized the Senate, the lower chamber tasked with carrying out impeachment trials, for his daughter’s current possible impeachment, as well as for “killing” more than a dozen senators to make way for his favorite candidates.

Recent polls constantly indicate that Marco Jr.’s preferred bettors have a disproportionate advantage over the so-called “magic 12” of possible winners.

Although the Dutertes remain common on their house island of Mindanao and also appreciate the support of key religious groups, they’ve met their match in the Marcos Jr government’s well-oiled technology. And they have a chance of losing in the polls as a result of accusations that they act as Beijing’s proxies in the face of growing anti-China sentiment in the Philippines.

The Marcos Jr. administration announced earlier this year that it had removed the Dutertes from the National Security Council, where both the vice president and the ex-president are typically either ex-officio or executive members. Now, pro-Duterte candidates are also feeling the China-related heat.

“I’ll be frank with you. I am willing to kill myself in the]South China Sea] if they say I am pro-China. In a recent press conference, re-election supporter Senator Ronald dela Rosa declared to reporters that he was ready to start a war in the West Philippine Sea.

” Pro-China? I challenge them, if they want, I will give them a gun and maybe we will attack the bullies in the West Philippine Sea”, he added, somewhat obscurely.

What was once viewed as a vengeful alliance between the Philippines ‘ two most powerful political dynasties has gradually turned into a verbal war. The Marcos Jr administration has increased efforts to combat the Chinese influence that seized the nation during Duterte and was encouraged by Washington and other important allies.

Five Chinese nationals were detained last month after Philippine authorities announced their arrest, five of whom are suspected of espionage. The five suspects were allegedly using allegedly sensitive video footage through drones and military-grade cameras posing as civilian security closed-circuit TVs (CCTVs ) in accordance with the Philippine National Bureau of Investigation ( NBI ).

Days earlier, a Chinese national, along with two local accomplices, were caught in a vehicle carrying surveillance equipment while roaming sensitive military facilities. Philippine security officials assert that the alleged spies were releasing images of Philippine air and naval bases in real-time, as well as information on strategic locations.

Additionally, they were accused of keeping track of Philippine warships ‘ movements while conducting resupply missions in contentious South China Sea regions.

Top Philippine security officials believe that the recent arrests are just the tip of the iceberg of upcoming suppression operations, which speaks to Manila’s concern over recent infiltration of Chinese agents and their related assets.

In a recent interview with The Japan Times, National Security Council assistant director General Jonathan Malaya said,” Most people only think of Chinese activities out at sea, but information and psychological warfare have also become a part of their malign influence.”

The Chinese Communist Party’s United Front Work Department, meanwhile, has allegedly been actively weaponizing its influence among sympathetic groups, including Chinese-Filipino business groups that are dependent on imports from and access to Chinese markets.

According to Malaya, they have significantly increased their actions since February 2023 when the Philippine government began a policy to expose and bring light to what is happening in the West Philippine Sea. They have done this because the Philippines ‘” Transparency Initiative” aimed to expose China’s aggression in disputed waters.

Meanwhile, the proliferation of Beijing-backed troll farms and propagandists who have been actively spreading pro-China narratives that frequently discredit the incumbent government is a major source of concern for a liberal democracy like the Philippines.

A recent AidData study showed that as many as 10, 000 fake accounts were run by China-based elements. According to the findings, Beijing has engaged in a two-pronged strategy that aims to stoke political unrest in the Philippines while undermining a coordinated national response to the disputes in the South China Sea.

” China is not engaging in all these media cooperation and development finance]projects ] in a vacuum. It’s happening alongside very visible disputes in the South China Sea”, Samantha Custer, director at AidData, told reporters following the release of their 51-page study in September.

” Less direct is the proliferation of online troll farms and other fake accounts that]Beijing ] can use to spread mis- or disinformation to foreign publics, along with partnerships with social media influencers”, the study argued.

In response, Philippine authorities are now urging changes to the country’s outdated espionage and treason laws to address growing threats and the increasingly hybrid nature of warfare in the twenty-first century.

The Philippines is also doubling down on intelligence-sharing with key allies, especially the US and Japan, to crack down on Chinese malign influence operations. High-stakes elections have for the first time in Philippine history been the result of intensified proxy wars between powerful countries supporting competing political dynasties.

Follow Richard Javad Heydarian on X at @Rich Heydarian

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