Second look at India election confirms a sea change – Asia Times

On June 9, 2017, Narendra Modi sworn in as India’s premier secretary for a traditional second term. However, his authority and authority have unanticipatedly diminished. His Bharatiya Janata party ( BJP) did not have an absolute majority and had to rely on coalition partners to form the government.

The losses, specifically in Uttar Pradesh, a state in north India, and particularly in Ayodhya’s holy city, were particularly humiliating. More than 257 million people live in Uttar Pradesh, which has the most political chairs of any position. In 2014, when Modi first came to power, citizens in this position formed the core of the BJP’s help.

A few months prior to the election, Modi inaugurated a contentious fresh Hindu temple in Ayodhya on the site of a dome that had been destroyed for more than 30 years. The social motivations were obvious. Modi’s dedication of the church became a significant national event with the intention of gaining more of his left-leaning followers.

Ayodhya even underwent a US$ 3 billion ( £2.3 billion ) government-funded transformation to turn it into what some Hindu nationalist leaders have called a” Hindu Vatican”.

But, voters in Faizabad district, which includes Ayodhya, rejected the BJP – and emphatically, at that. The applicant for the criticism Samajwadi group, Awadhesh Prasad, defeated the BJP’s candidate, Lallu Singh, by a ratio of about 55, 000 seats.

Modi addressed the importance of the church in Ayodhya in depth throughout the poll plan. He praised the temple’s opening as a fulfillment of” the dream that many have cherished for years”.

However, people wanted more than just thoughts. The BJP’s fight in Faizabad shows that a ruling group’s disrespect for local issues and the opponent’s use of shrewd, diverse political tactics may result in changes to voting devotion, even in areas of historical importance to India’s lot Hindu population.

How American politics is changing

Some Hindus hold Ayodhya to be the site of Lord Rama’s birth and is a place of great significance both historically and religiously. Additionally, it is the page of a more than a century-old area debate.

Tens of thousands of Hindu protest gathered in Ayodhya in 1992 to topp the Babri Masjid dome, following a global strategy to create a church there. Some Hindus think the shrine was constructed in place of an earlier Hindu temple, a state for which have not been confirmed by contemporary archaeological excavations.

The temple’s demolition sparked protests across the country that killed almost 2, 000 individuals. Muslims and Hindus have since argued in court numerous times about who should be in charge of the page.

The Indian Supreme Court ruled in 2019 that Muslims would receive property at a different spot for the building of a dome while Hindus would receive the contested land for a church. The court therefore mandated that a trust be established to handle and supervise the construction of the temple.

Unsurprisingly, the decision has done much to ease tensions. The new temple was constructed on land that had already been occupied by majority groups, whose homes have been replaced by a 20-meter-wide and 13-kilometer-long path leading to the church. Many of these displaced people have no received adequate compensation for the destruction of their homes.

As part of the administration’s plan to modernize the city, other Ayodhya inhabitants even lost their home. Part of the land owned by Ayodhya’s school, alongside a set of houses that house workers, was allotted to the development of a new airport.

Prasad capitalised on these issues, as well as others including smoldering rage over poverty, during his plan. The unemployment rate in India rose to 8.1 % in April from 7.4 % in March, compared with around 6 % before the pandemic. According to a study of 20, 000 voters by the CSDS-Lokniti polling firm, employment played a vital role in determining the vote of 27 % of people.

The criticism allegedly claimed that the BJP was seeking 400 seats in parliament against the ruling party under the battle phrase. With such a huge mission, they claimed, the BJP may take away the constitutional right of historically disadvantaged communities such as Dalits, who sit at the bottom of India’s class order.

Lallu Singh allegedly claimed that the government would “make a fresh constitution” if it received an overwhelming majority in parliament, stoking rumors among Dalits in Faizabad in April. Some Dalits feared that changing the constitution’s limit for jobs held by minority groups may result in this change.

The opposition even consciously formed alliances with Muslims, Dalits and various “backward” groups ( a collective term used by the Indian government to classify lower-caste groups ) in many parts of the state. This made their standing even better.

The BJP’s defeat in Ayodhya demonstrates that political symbolism ca n’t win an election. It makes the case that political parties in India should strike a balance between exemplary behavior and responsible leadership and a greater nuanced understanding of regional issues.

In an interview with Indian Express following his election, Prasad said:

The BJP was spreading lies in the country, saying, “hum Ram ko laaye hain” ( we brought back Ram ). In reality, they cheated the nation in Ram’s name, conducted business in Ram’s name, encouraged inflation in Ram’s name, encouraged unemployment in Ram’s name, and displaced the poor and farmers in Ram’s name. The BJP has attempted to undermine Ram’s dignity. People have understood this”.

It is essential that all groups believe their concerns are taken seriously during the political process in order for India’s democracy and secularism to flourish.

Smytta Yadav, a research fellow at the University of Sussex, is studying social anthropology.

This article was republished from The Conversation under a Creative Commons license. Read the original article.

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Violence may be a determining factor for US election – Asia Times

Former president Donald Trump just escaped an assassination attempt at a political protest in Pennsylvania. Trump unexpectedly avoided a immediate hit as shots rang out during the Republican president’s rally and said a bullet grazed his neck.

One man died at the march.

Trump raised his right palm toward his mind as the attack progressed quickly, moving his body toward the ground. Secret Service agents immediately entered Trump’s area and surrounded him with a safe cone.

Trump rose up and pumped his elbow while his protecting information surrounded him while he was down for about a moment. The 78-year-old appeared to have been injured, with blood dripping from his neck. A 20-year-old gentleman from Pennsylvania has been identified as the sniper. He was killed by Secret Service sharpshooters who were monitoring the march.

This violent act of violence is a very unsettling turn of events in American politics. Nevertheless, it is not without precedent.

Reviewing function security

A US Secret Service safe review will be conducted right away to check if there were any areas where the blog security plan at the fairgrounds in Butler, Pennsylvania, failed. The conclusions of that analysis will be immediately applied to all national candidates ‘ existing protection initiatives.

The investigation into the shooting may be led by the Federal Bureau of Investigation. Comprehensive teams, including the vital event response team and evidence response technicians, will be working alongside agents from the FBI Pittsburgh Field Office.

The FBI will need to answer big-picture issues immediately. Was the gunman a lone dog? Was this assassination attempt the result of politically motivated local terrorism?

Security relevance

There will be a wide range of security relevance for that meeting given that this social assault took place right before the Republican National Convention was taking place in Milwaukee. Prior to the Trump execution test, safety measures were already in increased use.

In reality, a pre-emptive state of emergency was already in place for the Milwaukee incident in May.

The agreement has been designated a national exclusive security function. To better coordinate several local, state, and federal agencies to safeguard complex events from threats and to coordinate additional resources deployments to deal with any kind of legal emergency that might arise during the social gathering.

Traditional precedent

During the presidential elections in 1968 and 1972, there were attempts to kill prospects. These events altered previous presidential poll processes.

On June 5, 1968, Democratic presidential candidate Robert F. Kennedy was killed following a protest in California. Kennedy had only won the California key and was fatally injured after giving a win speech at the Ambassador Hotel in Los Angeles.

a man in a suit addresses a crowd in a ballroom
Sen. Robert F. Kennedy delivers comment to a group in the Ambassador Hotel, Los Angeles, on June 5, 1968, times before his death. Photo: Sven Walnum, The Sven Walnum Photograph Collection / John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum, Boston

When the American politician’s choices of individuals were influenced in part by the results of political violence, the interactions of the 1968 presidential election changed.

On May 5, 1972, George Wallace was campaigning to become the Democrat nominee for president. After a march in Laurel, Maryland, Wallace was shot while shaking fingers with visitors. He used tactics to stoke fears for so-called forgotten light Americans, as well as being an ardent secessionist. He was a contentious legislator. He survived the attempted death, but he was paralyzed for the rest of his career.

After the killing, Wallace reconsidered some of his questionable opinions.

Black darkness of political crime

Are we in the midst of a period of political upheaval in America where the landscape of US politics will be social murder?

A small but certainly negligible number of Americans support the idea of using violence to enhance social ideas, according to latest research on attitudes toward social crime.

It’s difficult to ignore how Trump has sparked severe political fragmentation, despite the fact that he is the victim of this terrible harm. Trump has frequently used lies against his foes, and he has tacitly supported social murder during the Capitol Hill insurrection on January 6, 2021.

However, it is unethical to accept that political opinions in America can be normalized. The goal of political murder will likely determine the outcome of the 2024 presidential election, which is a foreseen and imminent. Finally, the assassination attempt on Trump did not place undue impact on the American voter.

Jack L. Rozdilsky is an associate professor of crisis and emergency control at York University, Canada.

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‘One inch from a potential civil war’ – Asia Times

The US experienced yet another harsh event in its extremely fragmented politics after Donald Trump was shot at a protest in Pennsylvania on July 13, 2024. Former President Trump, who’s about to formally became the GOP nominee for president in the 2024 election, survived the attempted assassination when, preliminary information said, a shot grazed his ears. However, one protest visitor was killed, more were hurt, and the suspected shooter is likewise lifeless. The Conversation’s elections writer, Naomi Schalit, spoke with University of Massachusetts, Lowell, professor Arie Perliger after the celebration. Through his investigation of executions and democratic violence, Perliger provided insights. Perliger argued that it should n’t surprise people to eventually engage in violence given the extreme political polarization in the US.

Schalit: When you heard the news, what was the first item you thought?

Perliger: First things considered when I first thought about how far we could possibly go without having a civil conflict. I believe that if Donald Trump had suffered fatal accidents now, the level of crime that we have seen so far will be insignificant in comparison to what would have transpired in the next few months. I think that would have unleashed a new level of anger, frustration, resentment, hostility that we have n’t seen for many, many years in the US.

This death effort may at least at this early period confirm a strong feeling among some Trump supporters and some people on the far right that they are being delegitimized, that they are on the defensive, and that there are attempts to essentially stop them from competing in the democratic process and stop Trump from winning back the White House.

For many of the individuals on the far right, what we just saw fit quite properly into a tale they’ve already been creating and spreading over the past few decades.

Political assassination attempts do n’t just aim to kill people. They have a larger goal, do n’t they?

Assassination attempts are often omitted from the lengthy process of trying to downgrade and defeat political foes when it is obvious that even a protracted political struggle wo n’t suffice. Many assassins see assassinations as a tool that will allow them to accomplish their political goals in a very quick, very effective way that does n’t require a lot of time or organization. If we’re trying to connect it to what we’ve seen today, I believe that many people view Trump as a fairy, as a special person who, in many ways, actually suffocated the liberal motion. But by removing him, there’s a feeling that that will or does solve the problem.

I believe that since Trump’s election in 2016, the conservative movement has experienced significant change, and many of its traits are now very well-known in various conservative movements. So even if Trump decides to retire at some point, I do n’t believe that Trumpism as a set of populist ideas will vanish from the GOP. However, I fully understand why those who view that as a threat believe that removing Trump will address all the issues.

You argued in a study of the causes and effects of social assassination that political competition has the ability to stoke further violence, including the killing of political figures, unless political processes may address” the most powerful political grievances.” Is that what you saw in this intended death?

Democracy may work if the various parties, the various motions, are not willing to work together on some problems. Politics is effective when several organizations are willing to come to terms in some way through negotiations, collaboration, and cooperation.

The worst aspect of this fragmentation is that we are forcing out any officials and politicians who are interested in cooperating with the other area. It has happened in the last 17 decades, essentially since 2008 and the increase of the Tea Party movement. That’s one point. Second, people delegitimize officials who are willing to work with the opposing area, making them known as those who have violated their principles and democratic party.

Thirdly, people are delegitimizing their social adversaries. They turn a social conflict into a conflict where everyone can work together to solve the issues they both see facing the country.

When you combine those three relationships, you create generally a destructive program where both flanks are convinced that it’s a zero-sum sport, that it’s the end of the country. If one side prevails, politics is at its end.

If both parties repeatedly remind people that losing an election is the end of the world, it should n’t come as a surprise that eventually people are willing to follow the law into their own hands and use force.

Arie Perliger, Director of Security Studies and Professor of Criminology and Justice Studies, UMass Lowell

This content was republished from The Conversation under a Creative Commons license. Read the original post.

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Trump shooting looks like professional hit job – Asia Times

We are awaiting more information regarding the attempted murder of former US president Donald Trump. At a campaign rally in Butler, Pennsylvania, pictures rang out as he addressed the crowd.

Trump was struck in or around his remaining hearing by one of the primary pictures. His face was covered in body. Soon after he was hit, he ducked over, which likely saved his life.

News reports thus far ( which may or may not be accurate ) say there were two guns. One of them is reportedly dying, and the other is in critical condition, according to reports. According to the information, the US Secret Company reportedly liquidated them.

We know nothing about the guns, if there were certainly two. This is still no sure. However, the invasion appears to be a highly skilled attempted execution from the appearance and feel of the attack. A skilled shooter is a sign of a professional sniper.

The brutal murder of President John F. Kennedy in Dallas on November 22, 1963, is brought up in mind. Despite a large scandal, Kennedy was fatally shot in the head, most possible from the Grassy Knoll or close to the highway where his car passed by.

As picture of the attack evidently shows, the picture was to the front of the mind. According to reports, the Trump gunman or guns were likely carrying long-range rifle with scope because they were operating from a distance.

You can clearly speak the gunfire from the reviewing have where Trump stood if you watch the videos of the firing. We have no reliable information about the security at the march or how well the periphery was ( if at all ) protected.

According to all the most current information, Trump has a good chance of winning. Does this have anything to do with the murder test? I believe thus.

The Secret Service and the Federal Bureau of Investigation can assist the National people by being completely transparent about everything they know and know. This wo n’t happen in my opinion.

One of the two reported shooters is officially dead but in critical condition. If this is accurate, it will remain to be seen. According to some, a group member was killed, and perhaps a second one.

An study: there was no hospital or doctors on the field as Trump was taken aside in an armored vehicle. Be tuned and be wary.

At Asia Times, Stephen Bryen is the top editor. He also served as the US Senate Foreign Relations Committee’s team director and as its deputy secretary of defense for policy. &nbsp,

This&nbsp, article&nbsp, was first published on his&nbsp, Weapons and Strategy&nbsp, Substack and is republished with authority.

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Biden’s senility, and ours – Asia Times

We have met dementia, and he is us.

It is n’t just poor Joe Biden who has aged ungracefully. The rich countries of the world are aging, and the effects will be much worse than one American leader’s baffling shame.

Instead of cringing at the government’s terrible attempts to prove his intellectual ability, we may look difficult in the reflection. A denizen of the Inferno who much epitomizes the aging of the West had n’t have been created by Dante.

Without an unprecedented ( and practically impossible ) sea-change in fertility, the working-age population of the high-income countries of the world ( above US$ 16, 000 in per capita GDP ) will shrink by 20 % during the present century. Over time, this will have destructive economic effects. In terms of global strategy, it is already having destructive effects.

Countries without kids are apathetic about their current and oblivious to their future.

Graphic: Asia Times

That is the geological army pushing the earth into multipolarity, I argued July 10 in an article for Law &amp, Liberty. The working-age inhabitants of the so-called middle-income locations will continue to rise through the majority of the decade, if more slowly, and the Global South will have the predominant share of the country’s scarcest source: Working-age individuals who can be trained to perform functions in a modern economy.

As Grant Newsham noted on this website on July 9, Japan was unable to enlist all of the military personnel it needed. The JSDF never engaged in combat, but it lost decisively last year, falling short of its recruitment goals by 50 %. &nbsp, The year before it was a 35 % lose. And for centuries it has had 20 % deficits. &nbsp, So, JSDF is something of an old, understaffed and stressed force”.

The Japanese do n’t want to fight. German armies have declined since Russia’s invasion of Ukraine in February 2022, but neither do the Germans. The Europeans and Japanese do n’t want to fight. Why if they? Who will lay down his life for future generations, if there are n’t going to be any future generations?

The Gallup Poll surveys polled people from more than sixty nations in 2015 to find out if they were ready to fight for their country. With an equitable charge of only 11 %, Japan came in last place. By no fluke, Japan ranks close to the bottom in terms of reproduction. Jewish Jews, with a reproduction rate of three children per woman, are the only example in the upper-right-hand region of the chart below.

There is a strong correlation between the nation’s industrialized countries ‘ fertility and their spirit of combat.

Graphic: Asia Times

Fertility does n’t explain everything, both Russia and Ukraine had very low fertility when the 2015 Gallup Survey was taken, but relatively high willingness to fight.

On the same area where millions of people fought in World War II, the Ukraine conflict engages a few hundred thousand battle forces. When the Soviets recaptured Kharkov in 1943, they threw 1.2 million people at the town and lost 200, 000 of them. Around the area today, Russia has about a tenth of that quantity.

For all the requirements on America’s NATO allies to bulk up their forces, the opposite is happening. The American supporters, Japan and Germany, are silently giving up on their commitments to higher defence spending. These two countries have economies large enough to influence defense spending.

Japan pledged 43 trillion yen ( US$ 272 billion ) in defense spending through 2027, mainly in the form of procurement of US F35s and other expensive foreign hardware. But Japan calculated its procurement prices at an exchange level of 108 japanese to the money, compared with about 160 yen now. That implies a severe cut in true purchasing.

Germany’s resources negotiations last week, however, eliminated most of the anticipated increase in the European defense budget. Defense Minister Boris Pistorius criticized him,” and that really aggravates me,” and” I got much less than I signed up for.” Germany’s military forces have shrunk since the Russian invasion of Ukraine. In 1989, the nation had 12 combat-ready groups. Today it ca n’t field one.

As a result of declining reproduction, China’s defense weakened. Including reservists and military officers, its armed forces entire 4 million, versus 3.4 million effective commitment, reservists and human employees for the US, which has a third of China’s populace.

China has increased its army, air force, and missile arsenal by half while increasing the size of its land-based troops. China will always launch large infantry assaults like it did during the Korean War. It is unable to spend its children because it has so few. It favors a battle that can be fought in a vault with a computer terminal.

In this case, the Chinese are ideal. The world’s constant jousting wo n’t convince the Europeans to sacrifice their exhausted young manhood in land conflicts. Before the paint is dry, America’s NATO allies may claim to spend more money and train more troops.

The idea that Russia wants to resurrect the Soviet Empire is opposed to logic, too. Putin can hardly control a force of 500,000 soldiers compared to the 29.5 million that Stalin sent to the Eastern Front. That may be enough to spear again Donetsk, Luhansk, Crimea, and a few different parcels of land, but not enough to hold American Ukraine, let alone move on Poland.

Japan now has a 50 age dominance percentage. That is, there are 50 old for every 100 working-age Chinese. Europe may get there by 2035, China by 2055, and the United States by 2075.

Japan has made an effort to reduce its share of a collective dotage by investing its savings abroad, accumulating a net international asset position of$ 3.5 trillion ( America has a negative net international position of$ 18 trillion ).

China is investing more time and thought to exploit the work of the Global South’s tens of millions of young workers by creating facilities and transferring its technology. The United States has no overall strategy.

Spengler is channeled by David P Goldman. Following him on X at @davidpgoldman

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South Korea aims laser arms at North Korea’s drones – Asia Times

South Korea announced this month its ideas to use light weapons to combat aircraft incursions in response to escalating tensions and new North Korean aircraft attacks.

In response to many news reports this month, South Korea announced plans to use light weapons to combat North Korean uavs as part of a wider effort to strengthen its defenses in the face of rising tensions.

South Korea’s Ministry of National Defense ( MND ) confirmed the initiative, emphasizing that a high-tech laser system codenamed” Block-I”, developed by Hanwha Aerospace, will be deployed by the yearend, with more systems to be deployed in the coming years. Block-I may destroy drones quickly and silently at only USD 1.45 per photo.

The decision comes in response to current drone intrusions by North Koreans into South Korean airspace, which raises security issues. Lee Jong-sup, the North Korean defence minister, emphasized the urgency of the project, noting the cost-effectiveness and accuracy of laser technology in comparison to conventional missile defenses.

In response to persistent threats from North Korea, which has been increasing its missile checks and surveillance activities, South Korea is pursuing this strategy.

North Korea’s December 2022 aircraft invasion into South Korea caught the former off-guard, resulting in a confused scrambling answer.

In a January 2023 article for the International Institute for Strategic Studies ( IISS), Joseph Dempsey points out that North Korea’s drone attack in South Korean airspace from December 2022 serves as a significant reminder of the difficulties faced by fending off small drones. Dempsey mentions that despite South Korea’s five-hour military operation involving combat aviation and attack helicopters, none of the five robots were neutralized, all possible returning properly.

He claims that the South Korean MND struggles to use radar to track little reconnaissance drones, never realizing that their air defenses were built to protect slower, low-flying targets with little signatures. He notes that the robots, suspected to become Chinese-manufactured types Trancomm SKY-09 and UV10, show the dual-use characteristics of business solutions and the challenges in regulating them.

Dempsey claims that North Korea’s use of these robots for pictures surveillance underlines its desire to improve its autonomous skills despite the restrictions on transmitting information back to the ground. This passion is reflected in North Korea’s January 2021 Workers Party Congress review, which outlined military growth goals, including increased flying and satellite security, notes Dempsey.

He claims that professional satellite imagery revealed two previously unreleased aircraft designs at the Panghyon plane factory, indicating that North Korea is working toward expanding its drone program.

North Korea has developed more sophisticated aircraft models in line with its symmetric military method against South Korea, aside from the small, difficult-to-detect drones it has.

In a March 2024 content in the peer-reviewed Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology, Kang-Il Seo and various artists mention that North Korea has introduced innovative proper drones, the Satbyol-4 and Satbyol-9, considerably enhancing its security and attack skills.

Seo and some say that these robots, which were unveiled at a military equipment show in July 2023, resemble the US RQ-4 Global Hawk and MQ-9 Reaper, between, and are expected to perform multi-domain activities.

They point out that the Satbyol-4, a high-altitude surveillance aircraft with a wing of about 35 m, is believed to be capable of intensive surveillance despite North Korea’s lack of communication satellites restricting its long-range functions. Further, they say that the Satbyol-9, an attack drone, mimics the Reaper’s design, including its ability to carry multiple missiles, indicating North Korea’s potential for precision strikes.

Seo and others note that North Korea’s development of these drones represents a significant advance in its military technology, which is reflected in its strategy to counteract its lower aerial surveillance capabilities in the US and South Korea. They say that the deployment of these drones poses increased peacetime and wartime threats, enhancing North Korea’s surveillance, reconnaissance, and early warning capabilities and potentially escalating regional tensions.

North Korean drones pose a significant challenge in air defense, despite South Korea having one of East Asia’s most admired militaries. South Korea’s missile defense architecture is not designed to counter such targets, laser weapons are still in development, and rapidly improving drone designs pose challenges to defensive technologies.

In February 2024, Asia Times noted that South Korea’s Korean Air and Missile Defense (KAMD) system is not well-equipped to effectively counter small drones due to its design for intercepting larger drones, aircraft, and ballistic missiles.

Laser weapons have not yet fulfilled their potential as low-cost, efficient anti-drone weapons due to development delays, technology issues, beam quality control problems, maintenance requirements, and a lack of industrial support.

Inertial guidance drones may not be able to jam because they can maintain their course or return to a specific point even if their command signals are lost.

Further, The Washington Post reported that South Korea would struggle to defend its air defenses from North Korean drones for three to five years in May 2023. According to The Washington Post, South Korea has made significant investments in missile defense and air and naval forces, but it has neglected to invest in anti-drone capabilities.

The source claims that North Korea’s December 2022 invasion exposed a sluggish South Korean air defense structure, slow communication between ground radars and interceptor aircraft, and unclear engagement guidelines for South Korean commanders.

The Washington Post also mentions concerns about collateral damage from drone interceptions and claims that North Korea may be looking into South Korea’s air defenses for unsecured gaps.

Given these capability gaps, South Korea needs to do everything in its power to strengthen its air defense against North Korea’s asymmetric drone threat.

Oh Il-Seok and Choi Yonghwan note that South Korea must improve its drone detection technology and accelerate development given North Korea’s advances in drone technology and December 2022 infiltration.

After seeing the transformative effects that drones have had on the battlefield, North Korea appears to be transferring a lot of lessons from the Ukraine War, according to Choi and Oh.

They also note increased cooperation between North Korea and Russia, with the former providing the latter with ballistic missiles and artillery shells for use in Ukraine in exchange for possible energy supplies, food aid, financial aid, and high-end military equipment like missile propulsion and drone technology.

Oh and Choi claim that the drone program of North Korea could prompt a number of provocative acts against South Korea by deploying brand-new drones to pose new threats to the latter.

Finally, they point out that North Korea’s use of new drone technology demonstrates its desire to develop conventional weapons while also advancing its nuclear program. According to them, this makes it necessary for South Korea to develop additional countermeasures to counteract North Korea’s dual role in the conventional and nuclear arsenal.

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China’s June export surge points to higher growth – Asia Times

China’s June exports rose 8.6 % year-on-year in US dollar terms and 10.7 % in RMB, exceeding analysts ‘ expectations and pointing to higher-than-expected GDP growth for the second quarter.

Supplies to Central Asia increased the most, reflecting China’s expansion of transportation and other network through the Belt and Road Initiative.

Graphic: Asia TImes

Export to Azerbaijan, Armenia, Kazakhstan and Kirgizstan rose year-on-year by more than 30 %, as China expands bridge and other transportation services across the European continent. Some of the overall might be a result of implicit imports to Russia.

But export were solid across the board, with particularly strong performance in Taiwan, Indonesia, Vietnam and the Philippines. Exports to Brazil and Mexico, China’s two largest Latin American markets, rose by 17 %.

China’s exports to created markets have increased significantly over the past four years, while exports to developed markets have doubled.

Graphic: Asia Times

However, capital goods and parts are a part of China’s growth in exports to the global north for American ultimate sales.

Graphic: Asia Times

China’s export to the Global South rose from about US$ 60 billion a month to$ 140 billion a month. US imports from the Global South increased at the same time, increasing from$ 60 billion to$ 90 billion annually.

Depends on US demand for roughly$ 30 billion per month of China’s incremental$ 80 billion per month of exports to the Global South. Although the 25 % tax on the majority of Chinese exports severely affects direct export to the US, America is all the more dependent on Chinese supply chains via third places.

Strong imports from China to the US jumped by 7.5 % year-on-year, although the amount remains well below the Covid top.

America’s trade deficit in goods now stands at a record US$ 1.2 trillion per year, compared to$ 800 billion a year before Covid. By boosting transfer payments to US citizens, the Biden administration increased consumer goods demand, while real-time investment in building tools in private US US plants decreased.

After inflation, nondefense orders for capital equipment ( excluding aircraft ) fell to$ 35 billion ( in constant 1982 dollars ) a month in 2024 from$ 38 billion in 2019, following a long-term trend of decline.

Graphic: Asia Times

Biden’s governmental policy caused a storm of goods, either directly or indirectly, from China.

That leaves America in a quandary. Some experts to former president Trump have suggested that higher taxes to deter Chinese imports would raise prices for American customers.

And an overall price, favored by some prominent Trump campaign figures, may raise the cost of capital goods, deter expense, and increase America’s dependence on imports also more.

Following David P Goldman on X at @davidpgoldman

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3rd Plenum will treat economy with Chinese medicine – Asia Times

The eagerly awaited Third Plenum in China, which will take place in Beijing from July 15 to 18, is being watched carefully by the business. In China, key policy shifts and economic reforms have been a key focus since this event generally. Market participants and China watchers hope the Third Plenum will be able to address this time around with a very distinct question: Will there be enough growth-boosting actions announced to bring the country’s economy back from years of stagnant growth?

Based on how officials and Chinese academics have been setting the ground for this event, there has n’t been much hope that groundbreaking reforms will be announced at the Third Plenum. The issues that have been accumulating over the past few years are, nevertheless, getting worse, rising from real estate stagnancy to the challenging economic conditions of local governments, as well as the fast declining return on assets, all of which are caused by overinvestment and the negative pressures in the economy. &nbsp,

The secret to all these woos, as aired by the Chinese leadership over the past few decades, is by expanding China’s manufacturing capacity under the guise of the” New Production Forces.” There is, nevertheless, little indication of demand measures, especially those supporting exclusive usage. At most some additional consumption tickets are anticipated, but not without establishing a happiness condition. Xi Jinping has vehemently denied having any interest in a unit of this nature.

More source without boosting domestic demand will have to stop somewhere, possibly leading to an even greater trade surplus. As the West and some important emerging markets have started putting restrictions on Chinese goods, this seems increasingly difficult. The result, hence, will be more negative pressures.

The same very gradual approach to resolving China’s key imbalance ( the persistently low domestic consumption ) will likely be used to address other pressing concerns, such as the fiscal deterioration, especially those of local governments, who have long been financed by land sales, which have fallen since 2020.

The economic pressure on local governments is, by then, well known. Both local government employees ‘ earnings and those of the public service are affected. One should anticipate measures to improve the local authorities finances at the Fourth Chamber given the lack of other governmental income and the growing interest rate burden that regional governments must bear.

The exchange of use taxes to local institutions is the one that seems most probable right now. The code will be coordinating government investing in addition to profit. The state will need to compromise the increase in income and health costs thoroughly, given the shrinking working-age inhabitants. This will likely involve the removal of the retirement years, which was previously made public but now with real effect.

A longer-term problem is clearly aging, which has been tackled in the previous chamber with announcements on the lessening of China’s system to handle local migration, the hukou. Although these measures should promote urbanization, the reality is that China does not have a sizable portion of its population who is willing to migrate ( with 63 % of the population in urban areas as opposed to less than 30 % before WTO entry ), and that, most importantly, the employment opportunities in cities are declining.

Lastly, China would profit from more lax monetary and fiscal policies, despite the fact that the area is not really that, despite the quick issue of the policy mix. The RMB is currently at record lows as a result of the government’s commitment to 100 % of GDP and interest rates are now very low, particularly in comparison to the US. This is why, not even on the combination of require policies, can we hope any radical change from the Third Plenum.

All in all, aspirations for China’s long-awaited conference for transformation, the Third Plenum, may be managed carefully. Even though China’s health problems are getting worse, the announcements will resemble Chinese medicine more than a shock therapy.

This has significant effects on the global economy, including that China’s need for imported goods will be restrained and that Chinese businesses will continue to rely on foreign businesses to succeed. This suggests that trade war are still raging in newspapers and possibly going on beyond.

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Africa can learn from China about growing cities – Asia Times

The financial growth strategies of African and Asian nations have frequently been compared. With a US$ 251 per capita GDP in 1987, China was less developed than the majority of American nations. Uganda’s GDP per capita in US dollar terms that year was$ 392, Zambia’s$ 319 and Ghana’s$ 354. But now China has GDP per capita of$ 6, 091 and it is the country’s second largest economy. In Uganda, per capita GDP is still only US$ 964.

Both Asia and Africa have grown in population at comparable rates. With the projected population growth of nearly 1 billion more than the rest of the world in 2050, Africa is moving toward its fastest industrial shift to date. Earlier, China was in the best location: between 1978 and 2010, over 700 million folks moved to China’s places. Southeast Asia’s urbanization rates are remarkable, and many of these countries have not yet completed their metropolitan transformations.

There’s a change, also. Urbanization and industrialization have been combined in China and Southeast Asia, which has resulted in increased economic efficiency and reduced hunger. In Africa, the same style has never existed.

Much has been written to compare how the industrial change occurred, mainly in China, and what other parts of the world may take its cue from. The “best practices” identified include guidelines around specific financial areas, which have now proliferated across Africa.

Success in propagation has been limited, at best. It’s not always remembered that China’s accomplishment did not happen instantaneously. Not all areas benefited likewise, and the procedure was n’t straight.

But things did happen in China and some benefited. China’s economic changes over this time were strong, wide, and uneven, as noted by Chinese professor Yuen Yuen Ang in her book How China Left the Poverty Trap. What insights and ideas does that bring to Africa?

Africa: industrialization without industrialisation

No region has reached middle-income position without undergoing a well-managed process of urban change. Yet, although the urban change in many African nations is also quicker than China’s, it has mostly been decoupled from modernization. What the Egyptian experience is demonstrating is that when urbanization is not correlated with investments in open infrastructure and services, it may increase the drawbacks of thick living, such as the growth of informal settlements, congestion, and contagion, as most recently demonstrated by the Covid-19 pandemic.

The majority of publications about and comparing industrialization in China and Africa originate in the northwest of the world. Less quantitative analysis has been done by urban African researchers.

This offers a teaching opportunity, through better understanding some of the particulars of what really happened. So, as an American industrial professor myself, I did some preliminary research on this a few years ago, along with co-authors. In” Is Africa study from the Chinese urbanization account,” we published our results. – a working papers.

Our summary was” Indeed”– but with caveats.

The second caveat is visible but needs to be clarified. China is a big state. Africa, by contrast, is a diverse continent with 54 states and even more diversity in its towns.

Learning should n’t necessarily imply adopting directly what China did, which was very context-specific. Instead, Africa’s scholars and policymakers now have the advantage of retrospective research, and they should use this to critically evaluate what worked and what did n’t, and why.

Probably most important, analytical understanding can and should get both ways.

Strong dive into China’s industrialization

Kudos to Hong Kong’s top-talent card program, which allows me to live and work in the area for two years, I now have the best opportunity to expand on this research and gain valuable experience from the Eastern region itself.

Almost a year into my remain, and through my expanding sites into the state, intellectual and private-sector circles in Hong Kong, China and beyond, my own knowledge of the industrialization processes around is growing.

It’s a crucial time to talk to people, particularly with China. Through its Belt-and-Road Initiative, China is immediately shaping many American cities via investments and plans. It’s obvious in motorways, railways and exclusive economic zones.

There has been growing concern about the volume, type, and amount of Taiwanese debt that some nations are absorbing, and under what circumstances. Therefore, it is crucial to comprehend what might be influencing policies and funding decisions from the standpoint of China.

In a series of posts for The Conversation Africa, I may reflect on what I’m learning over the course of the upcoming season. Based on my research and my research on American urbanization over the past ten years, these will touch on some of the things I believe to be the most significant aspects of the Egyptian urban perspective. I’ll even draw on the writings of scientists who have studied and written about industrialization both in the Southeast Asian region and in China.

Topics will include funding of common equipment, urban planning, exclusive economic zones and intelligent cities, among others. These reflections may also serve as the foundation for a proper publishing that I intend to write.

I reject the notion of establishing “best techniques” and finding” a model” that can be instantly replicated. As noted, China’s industrial change, although it happened fast, did not happen overnight and was, like everywhere else in the globe, rooted in serious traditional, administrative, economic and cultural contexts.

I want to know and analyze precisely these peculiarities: the muddle of the plan process, how policies were adapted to the local context, challenges China faced, and opportunities and challenges that we can draw from decades of experience. These will guide “deposits” for what Yuen Yuen Ang, in an article, calls the” Non-Best Practice Bank of Knowledge“, with the emphasis on the fact that” remedies can come in many forms, even in methods that contradict American best techniques”.

Astrid R. N. Haas is an adjunct professor at the University of Toronto.

This is the first of a series of articles in The Conversation Africa to examine the urbanization of Africa and learn from the experiences of other nations. It has been republished from The Conversation under a Creative Commons license. Read the original article.

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US slaps ‘symbolic’ tariffs on China steel, aluminum – Asia Times

A hole that had allowed Chinese steel suppliers to avoid US tariffs since 2018 has been closed by the US by the US’s US tariffs on steel and aluminum products that come from China via Mexico.

According to the new regulations, which were announced by US President Joe Biden on Wednesday, steel materials from Mexico will be subject to a 25 % tax unless they are melted and poured in Mexico, Canada, or the US. &nbsp,

Aluminum goods from Mexico may not have primary metal that is smelted or cast in China, Russia, Belarus or Iran, or they will experience a 10 % price.

The new regulations, according to Lael Brainard, chairman of the US’s National Economic Council, aim to close a significant flaw that the previous management did not address and that countries like China can use to prevent US tariffs by passing their goods through Mexico.

Nevertheless, Chinese state media and critics claimed that China’s metal exports will be impacted only by the new US tariffs.

The recent tariff announcements are largely symbolic because the US is not a big market place for Taiwanese steel and aluminum products, according to the Global Times, a remark from the Chinese Communist Party on Thursday. &nbsp, &nbsp,

According to some experts, the Biden Administration’s most recent action simply serves to further politicize trade and economic concerns.

Less than 3 % of China’s steel products were ultimately sold to Mexico, Canada, and the US, according to the experts, compared to 1 % of the country’s steel products last year.

Only 4.5 % of China’s aluminium imports got sold directly to the US in 2023, according to a review published by the Shanghai Metals Market, a market research company. &nbsp,

China may expand its steel exports to some emerging nations, according to the report, so any new US tariffs will have only a little, short-term effect on its steel and aluminum exports. &nbsp,

” China has no significant trade issues with developing nations. Even if there are some little problems, they can be resolved quickly”, a Zhejiang-based author using the moniker” Everyday Finance” says in an article published on Thursday. ” China and the developing world are very comparable and beneficial in many ways.”

He added that China’s needed to maintain its economic relations with the European Union, which has just imposed taxes on Chinese energy cars, is now more pressing. &nbsp,

Others said poor private need, caused by China’s house problems, is now a more pressing concern for Chinese metal makers. &nbsp,

Stress from US lawmakers&nbsp,

According to Section 232 of the Trade Expansion Act of 1962, which authorizes the US commerce secretary to conduct thorough investigations to assess the effects of imports of any article on the national security of the US, the Trump administration imposed 25 % and 10 % tariffs on imports of Chinese steel and aluminum products, respectively.

In exchange for the two adjacent countries ‘ treatment of all punitive taxes they had imposed on American goods, the US announced in May 2019 that it had reached an agreement with Canada and Mexico to eliminate the Area 232 tariffs on steel and aluminum exports. &nbsp,

Since then, several Chinese steel and aluminum manufacturers have set up products in Mexico to benefit from the US-Canada-Mexico free-trade deal. &nbsp, &nbsp, &nbsp, &nbsp,

According to the Department of Commerce, US imports of steel from Mexico were up 72 % in 2022 from the average level in 2015-2017. &nbsp,

US Senators Tom Cotton and Sherrod Brown introduced a bipartisan bill in March of this year that called for the repeal of the 25 % tariff on Mexican steel imports. &nbsp,

They claimed that Mexico made a promise in 2019 to increase accountability regarding exports of steel and aluminum from third countries, but the nation failed to do so.

The US announced on Wednesday that it had reached a deal with Mexico to shield its steel and aluminum industries from international tariff evasion.

According to US officials, the US would now be subject to the tax on steel imported from Mexico in 2023, or on 3.8 million lots of it, according to US authorities. According to them, 105, 000 metric tons of metal goods were imported from Mexico last year, with 6 % of those destined for smelting or casting abroad. &nbsp,

It means that just 494, 000 tons of steel imported from Mexico, or about 1.8 % of total US material goods in 2023, are affected by the new tax deeds. &nbsp,

In fact, the US mainly imported steel from Canada ( 6.245 million metric tons, or 24.4 % of total ), Mexico ( 3.8 million tons, 14.9 % ), Brazil ( 3.58 million tons, 14 % ), South Korea ( 2.39 million tons, 9.3 % ) and Japan ( 1.08 million tons, 4.2 % ) in 2023, according to the US Census Bureau. &nbsp,

Last season, the best five spots of Chinese steel imports were South Korea, Vietnam, the European Union, the Philippines and Thailand, according to China Customs. China’s steel products were the 18th largest marketplace for US products. &nbsp,

South Korea is a major importer of Chinese steel and a big supplier of US material, but its steel exports to the US follow a quota system, making it unlikely to be impacted by the US-China business conflict.

Read: Indonesia reprimands China’s World South business drive

Observe Jeff Pao on X: &nbsp, @jeffpao3

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