Minister counters push to void MoU with Cambodia

Holidaymakers board a ferry to Koh Kut in Trat on Oct 12, 2024. (Photo: Jakkrit Waewkraihong)
Holidaymakers board a ferry to Koh Kut in Trat on Oct 12, 2024. (Photo: Jakkrit Waewkraihong)

Defence Minister Phumtham Wechayachai denounced a move by political activists to petition the Constitutional Court to revoke a 2001 memorandum of understanding (MoU) between Thailand and Cambodia, established during the administration of former prime minister Thaksin Shinawatra.

Mr Phumtham, also a deputy prime minister, on Friday voiced his opposition to the bid to revoke the MoU, which critics claim could facilitate overlapping maritime interests that might disadvantage Thailand, particularly concerning Koh Kut in Trat province.

Mr Phumtham said the MoU, managed effectively by former foreign minister Surakiart Sathirathai, has consistently recognised Koh Kut as Thai territory, with no contention from Cambodia.

“Every nation adheres to the principle that its territory is 200 nautical miles from the continental shelf; nevertheless, because the Gulf of Thailand is so small, there are overlapping territories on both sides,” he said.

“Many nations in this world, including Malaysia and Vietnam, use the method of talking to each other to agree on benefits, but it does not mean talking about territory. Regarding our territory, it has been clear since the French colonial map showed that Koh Kut belongs to Thailand.”

He said there is no need to worry about whether Thailand will lose Koh Kut to Cambodia, adding that the important thing is the possibility of oil.

“If nothing is done within 10 years, drilling oil from the overlapping area in the Gulf of Thailand will be meaningless since more people will switch from combustion engine cars to electric ones. This is a pity that the country will lose an opportunity to benefit from this resource,” he said.

Meanwhile, ML Kornkasiwat Kasemsri, an executive member of the Palang Pracharath Party (PPRP), urged the government to present the 2001 MoU to parliament for revocation, arguing that negotiating with Cambodia under this MoU framework would accept the overlapping territories, leading to the risk of losing Koh Kut.

A French-Siamese treaty signed during King Rama V’s reign stated that the French ceded the territories of Dan Sai and Trat to Siam, including all islands located south of Laem Ling (Laem Sing), including Koh Kut, he said.

However, he said that the 2001 MoU accepted Cambodia’s borderline, with no international law supporting it. The Thai government said they could jointly extract oil and gas to lower energy prices. However, this was untrue, as the Thai government had already given petroleum concessions to Western companies while Thailand would only receive royalties and taxes, which were considered small.

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Retirement age to go up to 65: ministry


The Labour Ministry plans to raise the retirement age for both private and government sectors to 65 years, the same as in Singapore and Switzerland, said the minister Phiphat Ratchakitprakarn.

Mr Phiphat said on Friday that the idea of extending the retirement age was attributed to today’s improvements in health and medical advancements.

According to him, the ministry also plans to amend the Social Security Act and expand the social security benefit to cover 2 million migrant workers, including those from Myanmar, Laos and Cambodia, he said.

Self-employed individuals and workers in industries currently exempt from the Social Security system are to be registered with the system under the amended law. They include taxi drivers, delivery riders, agricultural workers, domestic workers, and hawkers.

In addition, there is a proposal to increase the fund contributions from employers and employees by 2% each, with the government contributing 2.5%. The total contribution of all three parts would increase by 6.25%.

Plans to continuously adjust the wage ceiling and salary cap to align with the currency value were also underway, he said.

According to Mr Phiphat, the ministry is considering converting the Social Security Fund’s fluctuating medical cost, which is the biggest chunk of expenses currently estimated at 60 billion baht per year, into a fixed cost. By having the insurance company take care of this financial responsibility, it would help the Social Security Office (SSO) mitigate floating costs and manage the fund more effectively.

Mr Phiphat said the Social Security Fund is targeting a return of at least 5% in 2025, up from 2.3-2.4% in 2023. If successful, this would extend the fund for another 3-4 years. He added that the SSO’s overseas investment, particularly in the US and European markets, has yielded around 6-7% of return profit.

The SSO will next year invest around 65% of its fund in low-risk assets, such as government bonds and savings, and the other 35% in higher-risk assets such as domestic and international stocks and real estate, he said. That is instead of the current investment proportion of 70/30. Mr Phiphat also stressed the need for proactive fund management to ensure sustainable fund growth amidst a rise in the ageing population and secure the fund’s future financial stability.

If no action is taken, the Social Security Fund could be depleted in the next 30 years, he said.

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Khon Kaen to Nong Khai track by 2027

SRT approves 2nd phase, B28.6bn bid

Passengers arrive at Nong Khai railway station. (Photo: State Railway of Thailand)
Passengers arrive at Nong Khai railway station. (Photo: State Railway of Thailand)

Construction of the second phase of the double-track railway from Khon Kaen to Nong Khai, worth 28.6 billion baht, will begin at the end of this year and take roughly three years to complete, said Governor Veeris Ammarapala of the State Railway of Thailand (SRT).

According to Mr Veeris, the SRT board meeting on Thursday approved the bid result for the phase-two double-track railway project between Khon Kaen and Nong Khai.

The lowest bidder, CHO Thavee-AS Construction joint venture, was selected for the project, promising a value of 28 billion baht which was below the initial set price.

Four companies, namely Sino-Thai Engineering & Construction PCL, CH Karnchang PCL, Unique Engineering and Construction PCL and CHO Thavee-AS Construction joint venture, submitted bids.

The selection followed a thorough review by the Special Project and Construction Department and the result was that the CHO Thavee-AS Construction joint venture met all required criteria.

Next steps will be document verification, followed by a contract signing with the bid winner. The signing is expected to take place by next month.

The Notice to Proceed (NTP) will be issued between December and January. Construction is expected to take 1,080 days.

The railway project, a key route linking Chira Junction in Nakhon Ratchasima to Khon Kaen and Udon Thani, and ending in Nong Khai province, is part of Thailand’s move to develop its transport infrastructure under the Intercity Network Development plan, as approved by the cabinet in October last year.

The project design involves constructing an additional parallel rail line along the existing one, with new route adjustments over a total distance of approximately 167 kilometres.

The work also includes the construction of 14 stations, four halts and three cargo yards with signalling and telecommunication systems along the line. It is expected to be finished and fully open by 2027.

“This route will boost rail logistics for both freight and passenger services. It will reduce logistics costs, travel time by 1 to 1.5 hours, fuel consumption and environmental pollution while improving safety by reducing risks at railway crossings,” Mr Veeris said.

“This project will significantly upgrade rail transport efficiency and convenience for commuters, creating connections for goods transport across regions.”

Meanwhile, a local media source reported that train passengers using the first phase of the double-track railway (from Chira Junction to Khon Kaen) have complained about the inadequate roofing of a passenger platform, as well as a steep footbridge.

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Failure of S112 bid ‘disappointing’

270 MPs vote against including the offence

Chaithawat Tulathon, the ex-leader of the now-defunct Move Forward Party, serves on a special House committee studying the proposed amnesty bill. (Bangkok Post file photo)
Chaithawat Tulathon, the ex-leader of the now-defunct Move Forward Party, serves on a special House committee studying the proposed amnesty bill. (Bangkok Post file photo)

Chaithawat Tulathon, the ex-leader of the now-defunct Move Forward Party, on Friday expressed disappointment after the House rejected the proposal to include lese majeste in the list of offences that would be pardoned under a new political amnesty bill.

Mr Chaithawat was banned from politics for 10 years but was invited by the People’s Party (PP) to serve on a special House committee studying the proposed amnesty bill.

The vote took place on Thursday, with 270 MPs voting against including the offence and 152 voting to support the proposal. The proposal was part of a House special committee report on the proposed amnesty bill.

While the House voted against including lese majeste, it endorsed the rest of the report, which outlined the results of the committee’s research into various forms of amnesty that could be pursued.

Mr Chaithawat said the House’s decision meant that the lese majeste issue would not be forwarded to the cabinet for consideration, although the proposal included suggestions that would help foster reconciliation.

The vote result also suggested that the government might not propose its own version of an amnesty bill, dampening hopes for measures or policies to resolve political divisiveness, he said.

The ruling Pheu Thai Party might not propose an amnesty bill before the current session ends on Oct 30, he said.

However, Mr Chaithawat said that he and the MPs from the main opposition PP hoped to see other versions of the amnesty proposal submitted to the House.

The PP advocates for amnesty for those convicted under Section 112 of the Criminal Code, also known as the lese majeste law, while MPs in the government coalition disagree.

The PP’s amnesty bill is among four amnesty-related bills submitted to the House.

The three others were sponsored by civil groups: the United Thai Nation Party and the Khru Thai Party.

The proposed amnesty, as put forward by PP, would cover all politically motivated cases since Feb 11, 2006, the first protest held by the People’s Alliance for Democracy (PAD) against the Thaksin administration until the day the bill takes effect.

United Thai Nation member Pongpol Yodmuangcharoen said there have been 57,966 cases involving political offences since 2005. Of these, 1,206 involve offences under Section 112, he said.

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Failure of lese majeste bid ‘disappointing’

270 MPs vote against including the offence

Chaithawat Tulathon, the ex-leader of the now-defunct Move Forward Party, serves on a special House committee studying the proposed amnesty bill. (Bangkok Post file photo)
Chaithawat Tulathon, the ex-leader of the now-defunct Move Forward Party, serves on a special House committee studying the proposed amnesty bill. (Bangkok Post file photo)

Chaithawat Tulathon, the ex-leader of the now-defunct Move Forward Party, on Friday expressed disappointment after the House rejected the proposal to include lese majeste in the list of offences that would be pardoned under a new political amnesty bill.

Mr Chaithawat was banned from politics for 10 years but was invited by the opposition People’s Party (PP) to serve on a special House committee studying the proposed amnesty bill.

The vote took place on Thursday, with 270 MPs voting against including the offence and 152 voting to support the proposal. The proposal was part of a House special committee report on the proposed amnesty bill.

While the House voted against including lese majeste, it endorsed the rest of the report, which outlined the results of the committee’s research into various forms of amnesty that could be pursued.

Mr Chaithawat said the House’s decision meant that the lese majeste issue would not be forwarded to the cabinet for consideration, although the proposal included suggestions that would help foster reconciliation.

The vote result also suggested that the government might not propose its own version of an amnesty bill, dampening hopes for measures or policies to resolve political divisiveness, he said.

The ruling Pheu Thai Party might not propose an amnesty bill before the current session ends on Oct 30, he said.

However, Mr Chaithawat said that he and the MPs from the main opposition PP hoped to see other versions of the amnesty proposal submitted to the House.

The PP advocates for amnesty for those convicted under Section 112 of the Criminal Code, also known as the lese majeste law, while MPs in the government coalition disagree.

The PP’s amnesty bill is among four amnesty-related bills submitted to the House.

The three others were sponsored by civil groups: the United Thai Nation Party and the Khru Thai Party.

The proposed amnesty, as put forward by PP, would cover all politically motivated cases since Feb 11, 2006, the first protest held by the People’s Alliance for Democracy (PAD) against the Thaksin Shinawatra administration until the day the bill takes effect.

United Thai Nation member Pongpol Yodmuangcharoen said there have been 57,966 cases involving political offences since 2005. Of these, 1,206 involve offences under Section 112, he said.

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Security beefed up in wake of Tak Bai killings statute expiry

Womeng gather in front of Ingkhayutboriharn military camp in Nong Chik district of Pattani to demand justice for the victims of the Tak Bai mass killings in 2004.  (Photo: Abdullah Benjakat)
Womeng gather in front of Ingkhayutboriharn military camp in Nong Chik district of Pattani to demand justice for the victims of the Tak Bai mass killings in 2004. (Photo: Abdullah Benjakat)

Security has been tightened in the deep South following intelligence reports of insurgent groups planning to instigate violence from Oct 24-28, after the statute of limitations for the Tak Bai massacre case expired at midnight last night.

Based on the reports, ill-intentioned groups are prepared to incite violence simultaneously in four provinces to mark the 20th anniversary of the incident in which 85 people died.

In Narathiwat, security officials have been alerted to possible bomb attacks after two explosive devices were reportedly moved from Tak Bai district to Muang district.

Key locations are under heightened security.

In the early hours of Thursday, a bomb exploded on a road near the Panare police station and the same district office in Pattani, injuring two defence volunteers and damaging state property.

On Wednesday afternoon, a bomb blast injured three soldiers in Narathiwat’s Rangae district. The explosive was hidden in an underground drainage pipe and detonated as a group of soldiers was passing by.

The victims of the Tak Bai massacre and their relatives yesterday gathered at a grave site in Bacho district to remember those lost and mark the 20th anniversary. The site is where 22 unidentified victims were buried.

The massacre took place in 2004 in the events following an Oct 25 crackdown on protesters in Tak Bai district.

Seven demonstrators died at the scene, and 78 others later died from suffocation or organ failure while being transported in trucks to a military camp in Pattani province 140 kilometres away.

The Tak Bai lawsuit was filed by the victims’ families in late April this year with the Narathiwat provincial court against nine former top officials, accusing them of murder and other crimes.

In August, the court accepted the lawsuit against seven of them including former Pheu Thai list MP Gen Pisal Wattanawongkiri, who served as commander of the Fourth Army Region; Pol Lt Gen Wongkot Maneerin, then assistant national police chief; and Maj Gen Chalermchai Wirunpeth, the 5th Infantry Regiment’s commander at the time.

Meanwhile, the attorney-general also filed a lawsuit against eight suspects with the Pattani Provincial Court on Sept 12. Maj Gen Chalermchai is a suspect in both cases.

A total of 14 individuals were identified as suspects in the case.

The case will be dismissed by the court on Oct 28.

Muhamadsavari Useng, one of the participants in the activity marking the 20th anniversary, said authorities have not done enough to bring justice to the victims and their families.

Pol Col Supachat na Phatthalung, chief of Tak Bai police station, on Friday joined the activity at a local mosque and attempted to address any inaccurate information regarding the incident that could lead to renewed violence.

In Bangkok, Deputy Prime Minister Phumtham Wechayachai expressed regret that the suspects could not be brought to the court before the expiry of the statute of limitations.

He assured that the government would review the situation to find ways to prevent this happening again in the future.

During a House meeting on Friday, People’s Party (PP) MP Romdon Panjor and Prachachart MP for Narathiwat Kamolsak Leewamoh proposed motions urging the House to brainstorm solutions to help the victims’ families heal.

The MPs said those affected by the violence may lose trust in the government.

Democrat MP for Narathiwat, Yoonaidee Waba, said compensation alone cannot alleviate people’s yearning for justice.

He urged the government to ensure the case would not hinder efforts to foster peace in the region and to do more to demonstrate its sincerity in addressing the issue.

The House voted to send the motions to its committee on legal affairs, justice, and human rights and to the government for study.

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Victims’ families go after agencies for negligence


The families of the victims of the Oct 1 bus fire tragedy on Vibhavadi Rangsit Road filed petitions with the police yesterday, accusing four agencies of negligence that led to the disaster.

Senator Alongkot Worakee, chairman of the ad hoc committee reviewing the draft budget bill for fiscal year 2025, brought 23 families from Uthai Thani affected by the incident to the Central Investigation Bureau (CIB) to submit the petitions.

On Oct 1, six teachers and 39 students were on a bus that caught fire while travelling along Vibhavadi Rangsit Road in Lam Luk Ka district, Pathum Thani, during a school trip involving three buses. The fire killed 20 students and three teachers and seriously injured three others.

Sen Alongkot said that the petition was filed against the Sing Buri Provincial Land Transportation Office, Sing Buri Provincial Energy Office, Sing Buri Provincial Industrial Office, and engineers or technicians responsible for inspecting the bus’s gas tanks, accusing them of neglecting their duties under Section 157 of the Criminal Code.

The families intend to pursue both criminal and civil action against these government agencies, he said, adding that the agencies had not reached out to the families of the deceased or injured to offer assistance.

Sen Alongkot added that each family of the victims had initially received around 3 million baht in compensation from the Office of the Insurance Commission, the Ministry of Social Development and Human Security, and the provincial office of the Justice Ministry. For the injured students, each received about 1-2 million baht in compensation.

Meanwhile, Mahaphokai Khamkrasae, the father of one of the victims, expressed gratitude to the government for the financial support his family received. However, he remains deeply saddened by the tragedy, as do the other parents, and urged all relevant agencies to give justice to the victims. “As ordinary citizens, we lack the authority to seek justice for our lost loved ones,” he said.

Additionally, Surachai Liengboonlertchai, adviser to the House’s Road Safety Prevention and Mitigation Study Committee, called for the expedited inspection of 11,453 CNG-powered buses that have yet to undergo engine checks. The Department of Land Transportation (DLT) had inspected only 1,973 CNG-fuelled buses between Oct 4-20, with 196 found below standard and temporarily banned from the roads.

“Considering that Thailand has over 13,400 CNG-powered buses, the DLT’s progress is quite slow,” he said, given the Transport Ministry’s Nov 30 deadline to complete all the bus engine checks.

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Chips set for latest hub push

Paetongtarn forms new industry board


Thailand has set a goal to strengthen its position in the regional semiconductor industry. Efforts are being made to prepare a skilled workforce for surging demands.

The country’s semiconductor industry is gaining pace with the establishment of the National Semiconductor and Advanced Electronics Industry Policy Committee, also known as the National Semiconductor Board, chaired by Prime Minister Paetongtarn Shinawatra.

Ms Paetongtarn signed an order to establish the semiconductor board on Thursday.

The board will set policy directions and goals to develop the country’s semiconductor and advanced electronics industry, devise a road map for investment promotion, skilled workforce and supply chain development, and create an environment conducive to strengthening the industry.

The semiconductor board will also be responsible for screening action plans and projects for the industry’s development submitted by state agencies before presenting them to the cabinet for approval.

It will also be responsible for following up on and assessing those projects to ensure they deliver tangible results.

The board will also consist of Finance Minister Pichai Chunhavajira as deputy chairman and other cabinet ministers as members.

They include the Foreign Affairs Minister, the Minister of Higher Education, Science, Research and Innovation, the Digital Economy and Society Minister, and the Industry Minister.

Other committee members include the secretary-general of the National Economic and Social Development Council, the secretary-general of the Vocational Education Commission and the president of the Federation of Thai Industries.

The secretary-general of the Board of Investment (BOI) will serve as the semiconductor board’s secretary.

Mr Pichai on Friday hailed Ms Paetongtarn’s decision to establish the semiconductor board, saying the initiative will benefit the country’s economic growth as it will help attract foreign investment in the country’s technological development.

The semiconductor board will oversee efforts to mobilise resources to develop a skilled workforce to respond to the growing semiconductor industry, the minister said.

The government will also support investment in the industry through the BOI’s Competitiveness Enhancement Fund, Mr Pichai said. The fund offers promotional privileges for investors, including financial support, an exemption from corporate income tax, and a waiver of tariffs on imported machinery and raw materials.

Mr Pichai said the establishment of the semiconductor board represents a significant starting point for the industry’s development, with a clear strategy to improve its semiconductor supply chain.

With the prime minister as the board’s chairperson, the government is fully committed to strengthening Thailand’s position as a leader in the regional semiconductor and advanced electronics industry, Mr Pichai said.

He said the board will ensure consistency, cohesion and speed in implementing policies and measures to achieve the goals.

Semiconductors are the key components of modern electronics, including microprocessors, memory chips, computers, smartphones and electric vehicles, as well as artificial intelligence, he said.

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Alarm raised about contaminated grapes

Shine Muscat grapes are popular in Thailand but recent checks indicate chemical residue levels are a concern. (Photo: Thai Pesticide Alert Network)
Shine Muscat grapes are popular in Thailand but recent checks indicate chemical residue levels are a concern. (Photo: Thai Pesticide Alert Network)

The Thai Pesticide Alert Network (Thai-PAN) has warned about contamination of Shine Muscat grapes, after finding that most of the samples it collected contained hazardous chemical residues above maximum permitted levels.

Thai-PAN, the Thailand Consumers Council (TCC) and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) revealed the laboratory test results on Thursday.

The TCC purchased 24 samples of the popular grapes from different locations including two from online shops, seven samples from fruit shops and fresh markets and 15 from supermarkets, on Oct 2 and 3. The prices ranged from 100 to 699 baht per kilogramme, said Prokchon Usap, the co-ordinator of Thai-PAN.

“Only nine samples could be identified as having been imported from China, while the country of origin of the remaining 15 samples could not be identified,” she said.

“It was quite shocking when we saw that 23 out of 24 samples had pesticide residues exceeding the legal limit.”

One sample was found to have chlorpyrifos, an insecticide that is banned in Thailand, she said.

Another 22 samples contained 14 harmful chemical residues that were above the safety limit of 0.01 mg/kg and yielded another 50 pesticide residues, 22 of which have not yet been declared under Thai law, such as triasulfuron, cyflumetofen, tetraconazole and fludioxonil.

“These pesticides remain in grapevine tissue, and removing them from plant tissue is unlikely to be easy,” said Ms Prokchon.

Thai-PAN and the TCC urged the Ministry of Public Health to take immediate action, including ordering importers and distributors to label the country of origin of imported Shine Muscat grapes.

The FDA has inspected 264 tonnes of imported Shine Muscat grapes, worth 72 million baht, so far this year, according to Dr Wattanasak Sornrung, director of the agency’s Food and Drug Inspection Checkpoint Division.

Only four samples were found to have pesticide residues above the safety standards, he said. The FDA has already taken legal action against those importers.

He said the FDA examined grapes that were brought in by train from China and found they were all safe.

“The FDA will take stronger action to check imported fresh fruit and vegetables,” he said. “More samples will be needed, and instead of waiting the current three days, the test findings must be released within 24 hours.”

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Authorities target illegal stem cell production

Lawyer sounds alarm about trafficking in placentas and umbilical cords as well as other body parts

Lawyer Songkan Atchariyasap (second from left) submits information about human body parts trafficking to Jirayu Houngsab, an adviser to the prime minister (right, in yellow) at Government House on Thursday. (Photo: Royal Thai Government)
Lawyer Songkan Atchariyasap (second from left) submits information about human body parts trafficking to Jirayu Houngsab, an adviser to the prime minister (right, in yellow) at Government House on Thursday. (Photo: Royal Thai Government)

Authorities will take action against illegal stem cell production and trafficking in infant placentas, umbilical cords and other human body parts, an adviser to the prime minister said on Friday.

Jirayu Houngsab made the comment after receiving information from lawyer Songkan Atchariyasap about networks that traffic human parts.

Mr Jirayu said this was a relatively new and shocking issue for the country to contend with, and the government has been working with the police to combat it.

Mr Songkan, who filed the complaint on Thursday, said he was contacted earlier by a petitioner who was an employee at a stem cell manufacturing company.

The petitioner claimed the company was generating stem cells from placentas and umbilical cords without the owners’ consent.

The petitioner said he had been working with the company for eight years without being aware of the legal implications.

After he learned that the process required legal authorisation, the petitioner said that he immediately resigned from the job.

The former employee said he had evidence of the company’s operations but did not know where it obtained its materials from.

According to Mr Songkan, illegal stem cell companies normally generate stem cells from the placentas and umbilical cords of infants with O-type blood.

As mothers usually do not claim ownership of those parts, some nurses were reported to have smuggled them out of hospitals for sale for between 5,000 and 10,000 baht apiece, Mr Songkan said.

He claimed that some employees at public hospitals in Bangkok were also involved with the illegal organ-selling networks.

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