As wind patterns become more and more complex, scientists are increasingly interested in these models.
Gianmarco Mengaldo, an associate professor of mathematical mathematics and engineering at the National University of Singapore, claimed that the tropical Indo-Pacific atmosphere is changing to make heatwaves worse and causing severe rainfall.
For weather variations could lead to more frequent floods and landslides that could harm agriculture and infrastructure.
” Some of these extreme events are occurring in places that weren’t historically known for extreme activities.” ( They ) are particularly vulnerable … because they don’t have the tools to address or face these disasters”, he said.
Also, rising sea levels heighten risks of floods and their effects on coastal areas.
The study conducted by Prof. Switzer’s group, which examined a 50 cm rise in sea levels, which is roughly half of the expected increase for the next century, and found that even an earthquake of a much smaller magnitude may raise the risk of a tsunami that would have an impact on trade and other financial activities.
In less than a minute, wave buoys are being developed that can detect changes in the depth of water far beyond the ocean and transmit information to command centers.
Crisis Planning
However, Prof Switzer said that while technology may predict biological hazards to an extent, there are limits, especially when it comes to , disasters that occur very quickly and very abruptly.
He pointed to Indonesia’s Palu in 2018, when a large, deep quake triggered a wave that hit within hours and killed more than 4, 000 people.
Furthermore, education on basic crisis preparedness is important,  , he said.
” If you’re on the coast and you feel a , notable shaking – an earthquake , - , as soon as you are safe, you should move to higher ground and not wait for a storm warning ( because it might ) not come in time”, he said.
Authorities emphasised , that problems lie ahead. These include making life-saving resources available to the areas that need them most, ensuring the community is educated on crisis preparedness, and cooperation among response , groups.
” We are fundamentally better at understanding coastal hazards ( today ) than we were 20 years ago in 2004 , … , but there’s still a lot of work to do”, Prof Switzer said.
” We have to gather data sets, increase the models, and make sure the information gets to the people and policymakers , in an apparent manner, so that there’s actual action on the ground”.